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arXiv · 0811.0874

Solitons and vortices in an evolving Bose-Einstein condensate

Shi-Jie Yang·Quan-Sheng Wu·Shiping Feng·Yu-Chuan Wen·Yue Yu
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Abstract

Spatiotemporal evolution of a confined Bose-Einstein condensate is studied by numerically integrating the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Self-interference between the successively expanding and reflecting nonlinear matter waves results in spiral atomic density profile, which subsequently degenerates into an embedding structure: The inner part preserves memory of the initial states while the outer part forms a sequence of necklacelike rings. The phase plot reveals a series of discrete concentric belts. The large gradients between adjacent belts indicate that the ring density notches are dark solitons. In the dynamical process, a scenario of vortex-antivortex pairs are spontaneously created and annihilated, whereas the total vorticity keeps invariant.

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Shi-Jie Yang, Quan-Sheng Wu, Shiping Feng, Yu-Chuan Wen, Yue Yu. 2008-11-06. Solitons and vortices in an evolving Bose-Einstein condensate. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.77.035602

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