Search arXiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 0812.3963

A simple method for the evaluation of the information content and complexity in atoms. A proposal for scalability

C. P. Panos·N. S. Nikolaidis·K. Ch. Chatzisavvas·C. C. Tsouros
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

We present a very simple method for the calculation of Shannon, Fisher, Onicescu and Tsallis entropies in atoms, as well as SDL and LMC complexity measures, as functions of the atomic number Z. Fractional occupation probabilities of electrons in atomic orbitals are employed, instead of the more complicated continuous electron probability densities in position and momentum spaces, used so far in the literature. Our main conclusions are compatible with the results of more sophisticated approaches and correlate fairly with experimental data. We obtain for the Tsallis entropic index the value q=1.031, which shows that atoms are very close to extensivity. A practical way towards scalability of the quantification of complexity for systems with more components than the atom is indicated. We also discuss the issue if the complexity of the electronic structure of atoms increases with Z. A Pair of Order-Disorder Indices (PODI), which can be introduced for any quantum many-body system, is evaluated in atoms. We conclude that "atoms are ordered systems, which do not grow in complexity as Z increases".

Explore related subjects

quant-ph

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

C. P. Panos, N. S. Nikolaidis, K. Ch. Chatzisavvas, C. C. Tsouros. 2008-12-20. A simple method for the evaluation of the information content and complexity in atoms. A proposal for scalability. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2009.04.070

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Quantum Authenticated Key Expansion with Key Recycling

Data privacy and authentication are two main security requirements for remote access and cloud services. While QKD has been explored to address data privacy concerns, oftentimes its use is separate from the client authentication protocol despite implicitly providing authentication. Here, we present a quantum authentication key expansion (QAKE) protocol that (1) integrates both authentication and key expansion within a single protocol, and (2) provides key recycling property - allowing all authentication keys to be reused. We analyse the security of the protocol in a QAKE framework adapted from a classical authentication key exchange (AKE) framework, providing separate security conditions for authentication and data privacy. We experimentally implemented the protocol with appropriate post-selection. Additional results on the security of pseudorandom basis generation in QAKE and decoy state BB84 are provided.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2026

Entanglement as Difference: Reduction-induced Minimal Partial Entropy Difference

Bipartite mixed-state quantum entanglement (QE) and its measures play a crucial role in both theoretical research and practical quantum applications. Its internal structure is far more complex and less well understood compared with bipartite pure-state QE. Some existing measures involve inherently intractable global optimizations, while others are only applicable to highly limited-dimensional quantum systems. Here based on the inherent feature that bipartite QE systems nonseparable necessarily implies that local reduced density matrix differs from its \textquotedblleft native\textquotedblright density matrix, we propose a more physical and intuitive measure termed Reduction-induced Minimal Partial Entropy Difference to quantify arbitrary bipartite mixed-state QE. Partial Von Neumann Entropy is only a pure-state special case of this method. This measure offers intrinsic structural %perspective insights into bipartite QE characterization, thereby establishing itself as a valuable complementary measure. Its intuitive and clear physical picture, combined with relatively low computational complexity and wide applicability, facilitates exploring its potential quantum information applications, hence its conceptual framework and line of thought deserve to be further developed to describe and quantify multipartite QE in the future.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2026

Non-local mass superpositions and optical clock interferometry in atomic ensemble quantum networks

Quantum networks are emerging as powerful platforms for sensing, communication, and fundamental tests of physics. We propose a programmable quantum sensing network based on entangled atomic ensembles, where optical clock qubits realize mass superpositions arising via mass-energy equivalence, as in atom and atom-clock interferometry. Our approach uniquely combines scalability to large atom numbers with minimal control requirements, relying only on collective addressing of internal atomic states. This enables the creation of both non-local and local superpositions with spatial separations beyond those achievable in conventional matter-wave interferometry with single atoms. Starting from Bell-type seed states distributed via photonic channels, collective operations within atomic ensembles coherently build many-body mass superpositions sensitive to gravitational redshift. The resulting architecture implements a non-local Ramsey interferometer, where gravitationally induced phase shifts are imprinted on non-local entangled states and are read out through local measurements at the network nodes. Beyond extending the spatial reach of mass superpositions, our scheme establishes a scalable, programmable platform to probe the interface of quantum mechanics and gravity, and offers a new experimental pathway to test atom and atom-clock interferometer proposals, e.g. for probing gravitational dephasing, in a network-based quantum laboratory.

quant-ph↗