Search arXivSearch

arXiv · 0907.1014

Q-PYTHIA: a medium-modified implementation of final state radiation

Abstract

We present a Monte Carlo implementation, within PYTHIA, of medium-induced gluon radiation in the final state branching process. Medium effects are introduced through an additive term in the splitting functions computed in the multiple-soft scattering approximation. The observable effects of this modification are studied for different quantities as fragmentation functions and the hump-backed plateau, and transverse momentum and angular distributions. The anticipated increase of intra-jet multiplicities, energy loss of the leading particle and jet broadening are observed as well as modifications of naive expectations based solely on analytical calculations. This shows the adequacy of a Monte Carlo simulator for jet analyses. Effects of hadronization are found to wash out medium effects in the soft region, while the main features remain. To show the performance of the implementation and the feasibility of our approach in realistic experimental situations we provide some examples: fragmentation functions, nuclear suppression factors, jet shapes and jet multiplicities. The package containing the modified routines is available for public use. This code, which is not an official PYTHIA release, is called Q-PYTHIA. We also include a short manual to perform the simulations of jet quenching.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

N. Armesto, L. Cunqueiro, C. A. Salgado. 2009-07-06. Q-PYTHIA: a medium-modified implementation of final state radiation. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc%2Fs10052-009-1133-9

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

Probing Proton Structure via Physics-Guided Neural Networks in Holographic QCD

Describing the proton structure function $F_2(x,Q^2)$ across the nonperturbative and transition regimes of QCD remains a major theoretical challenge. We construct a physics-guided phenomenological representation combining fermion-resonance and Pomeron-like AdS/QCD basis functions with a neural parametrization. The resonance sector is constrained by the AdS eigenvalue problem and physical proton mass, while the neural component describes effective kinematic mixing, Pomeron normalization, and a regularized log-space correction. For 187 selected SLAC measurements, a fixed 153/34 training--test split gives $χ^2/N_{\rm train}=0.542$, $χ^2/N_{\rm test}=1.990$, and $χ^2/N_{\rm all}=0.805$. Conditional on the chosen holographic basis, the fitted channel fractions evolve continuously from Pomeron-like dominance at lower measured $x$ to fermion-resonance dominance at larger $x$. The mixing midpoint is at $x\simeq0.187$, while equality of the final channel fractions occurs at $x\simeq0.226$, defining a transition region $x\simeq0.19$--$0.23$ rather than a unique boundary. Although $α_0\simeq1.08$ is compatible with the data, fixed-$α_0$ refits show that it is not separately identifiable from the flexible Pomeron normalization. The $x$-dependent holographic coordinates and effective excited scales should therefore be regarded as basis-dependent quantities rather than direct measurements of an $x$-dependent proton spectrum. A data-only neural baseline shows no predictive advantage for the holographic basis on the present dataset. The framework thus provides a basis-conditioned phenomenological decomposition rather than a model-independent extraction of proton dynamics.

hep-ph

Vertexing displaced diphoton decays with recoil photons at Belle II

We propose a recoil-assisted strategy for vertexing displaced diphoton decays in $e^+e^-\toγX$, $X\toγγ$, using only one converted daughter photon. The initial state and recoil-photon momentum define the LLP flight line, whose closest approach to the converted-photon trajectory locates the decay vertex. This removes the need for a second conversion, making the conversion-related efficiency scale linearly rather than quadratically with the photon-conversion probability. For photophilic axionlike particles at Belle II, the existing $408$ fb$^{-1}$ data set could probe previously unconstrained parameter space near $m_a \simeq 100$ MeV and $g_{aγγ} \simeq 2 \times 10^{-4}$ GeV$^{-1}$, improving leading bounds by almost an order of magnitude and testing the mass region below the $π^0$ mass, which the existing Belle II three-photon searches cannot access. With $50$ ab$^{-1}$, the reach extends to $m_a \simeq 310$ MeV and $g_{aγγ}\simeq2\times10^{-5}$ GeV$^{-1}$.

hep-ph

Three-Body Holonomy as a Toy-Model Mechanism for Family Triplication and Mass Hierarchy in (1+1) Dimensions

We investigate the phenomenological consequences of a genuine three-body holonomy in a relativistic Dirac system in one spatial dimension. After removing the center-of-mass coordinate, the triple-coincidence point punctures the two-dimensional relative configuration space and permits a nontrivial $U(1)$ winding phase, whereas the pairwise Sakamoto--Munakata--Ino contact interactions give trivial net matching around this point. At fixed intrinsic parity, the six particle-ordering sectors reduce to a three-dimensional cyclic space. A Hermitian $C_3$-invariant effective mass operator admits a Peierls-type realization in which the gauge-invariant phase around the three links equals the three-body holonomy $θ_3$. Its eigenvalues are $$ M^{[k]}=M_0+2Δ\cos\!\left(\frac{θ_3+2πk}{3}\right), \qquad k=0,1,2. $$ The holonomy lifts the conjugate-channel degeneracy and can generate a parametrically light branch through cancellation between the common mass and the holonomy-induced shift. We further allow cyclic-symmetry breaking and consider a general Hermitian three-state mass matrix. Exact elimination of two heavy states by the Schur complement yields a low-energy correction containing the rephasing-invariant loop product $\mathrm{Re}(t_{12}t_{23}t_{31})\propto\cosθ_3$. Thus, even when only one branch is kinematically accessible, its effective mass can retain finite memory of the complete three-state loop. The complementary invariant $\mathrm{Im}(t_{12}t_{23}t_{31})\propto\sinθ_3$ is phase sensitive but does not alone imply CP violation. The construction provides a low-dimensional phenomenological proof of concept for family-like triplication, mass hierarchy, and infrared memory, rather than a microscopic theory of Standard Model fermion generations.

hep-ph