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arXiv · 1001.0555

On a Tree and a Path with no Geometric Simultaneous Embedding

Patrizio Angelini·Markus Geyer·Michael Kaufmann·Daniel Neuwirth
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Abstract

Two graphs $G_1=(V,E_1)$ and $G_2=(V,E_2)$ admit a geometric simultaneous embedding if there exists a set of points P and a bijection M: P -> V that induce planar straight-line embeddings both for $G_1$ and for $G_2$. While it is known that two caterpillars always admit a geometric simultaneous embedding and that two trees not always admit one, the question about a tree and a path is still open and is often regarded as the most prominent open problem in this area. We answer this question in the negative by providing a counterexample. Additionally, since the counterexample uses disjoint edge sets for the two graphs, we also negatively answer another open question, that is, whether it is possible to simultaneously embed two edge-disjoint trees. As a final result, we study the same problem when some constraints on the tree are imposed. Namely, we show that a tree of depth 2 and a path always admit a geometric simultaneous embedding. In fact, such a strong constraint is not so far from closing the gap with the instances not admitting any solution, as the tree used in our counterexample has depth 4.

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Patrizio Angelini, Markus Geyer, Michael Kaufmann, Daniel Neuwirth. 2010-01-04. On a Tree and a Path with no Geometric Simultaneous Embedding. https://arxiv.org/abs/1001.0555

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