Quantum teleportation benchmarks for independent and identically-distributed spin states and displaced thermal states

Abstract

A successful state transfer (or teleportation) experiment must perform better than the benchmark set by the `best' measure and prepare procedure. We consider the benchmark problem for the following families of states: (i) displaced thermal equilibrium states of given temperature; (ii) independent identically prepared qubits with completely unknown state. For the first family we show that the optimal procedure is heterodyne measurement followed by the preparation of a coherent state. This procedure was known to be optimal for coherent states and for squeezed states with the `overlap fidelity' as figure of merit. Here we prove its optimality with respect to the trace norm distance and supremum risk. For the second problem we consider n i.i.d. spin-1/2 systems in an arbitrary unknown state $ρ$ and look for the measurement-preparation pair $(M_{n},P_{n})$ for which the reconstructed state $ω_{n}:=P_{n}\circ M_{n} (ρ^{\otimes n})$ is as close as possible to the input state, i.e. $\|ω_{n}- ρ^{\otimes n}\|_{1}$ is small. The figure of merit is based on the trace norm distance between input and output states. We show that asymptotically with $n$ the this problem is equivalent to the first one. The proof and construction of $(M_{n},P_{n})$ uses the theory of local asymptotic normality developed for state estimation which shows that i.i.d. quantum models can be approximated in a strong sense by quantum Gaussian models. The measurement part is identical with `optimal estimation', showing that `benchmarking' and estimation are closely related problems in the asymptotic set-up.