Search arXiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 1005.0014

Dissecting the Red Sequence - III. Mass-to-Light Variations in 3D Fundamental Plane Space

Genevieve J. Graves·S. M. Faber
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The Fundamental Plane has finite thickness and is tilted from the virial relation, indicating that dynamical mass-to-light ratios (Mdyn/L) vary among early type galaxies. We use a sample of 16,000 quiescent galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to map out variations in Mdyn/L through the 3D Fundamental Plane space defined by velocity dispersion (sigma), effective radius (R_e), and effective surface brightness. We consider contributions to Mdyn/L variation due to stellar population effects, IMF variations, and variations in the dark matter fraction within one R_e. Along the FP, we find that the stellar population contribution scales as M*/L ~ f(sigma), while the dark matter and/or IMF contribution scales as Mdyn/M* ~ g(Mdyn). The two contributions to the tilt of the FP rotate the plane around different axes in the 3D space, with dark matter/IMF variations likely dominating. Through the thickness of the FP, we find that Mdyn/L variations must be dominated either by IMF variations or by real differences in dark matter fraction with R_e. Thus the finite thickness of the FP is due to variations in the stellar mass surface density within R_e, not the fading of passive stellar populations. These structural variations are correlated with galaxy star formation histories such that galaxies with higher Mdyn/M* at a given sigma have higher [Mg/Fe], lower metallicities, and older mean stellar ages. It is difficult to explain the observed correlations by allowing the IMF to vary, suggesting difference in dark matter fraction dominate. These can be produced by variations in the "conversion efficiency" of baryons into stars or by the redistribution of stars and dark matter through dissipational merging. A model in which some galaxies experience low conversion efficiencies due to premature truncation of star formation provides a natural explanation for the observed trends.

Explore related subjects

astro-ph.CO

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Genevieve J. Graves, S. M. Faber. 2010-04-30. Dissecting the Red Sequence - III. Mass-to-Light Variations in 3D Fundamental Plane Space. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x%2F717%2F2%2F803

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

CHEX-MATE: AMALGAM weak-lensing analysis of 41 Planck Sunyaev-Zel'dovich-selected galaxy clusters

We present a weak-lensing shear analysis of 41 Planck SZ-selected galaxy clusters at $0.11\le z\le 0.55$ from the CHEX-MATE sample, using wide-field Subaru/Suprime-Cam and CFHT/MegaPrime imaging from the AMALGAM project. We detect the azimuthally averaged weak-lensing signal around the X-ray peak of each cluster, achieving a median S/N of 6.5 per cluster. The $45^\circ$-rotated component has a median S/N of -0.1 and ranges from -1.8 to +1.8, consistent with zero. We model the excess surface mass density profile of each cluster with an NFW profile to infer weak-lensing mass and concentration constraints. The total systematic uncertainty in the weak-lensing mass calibration is assessed to be $8\%$. Using a hierarchical Bayesian framework, we then derive weak-lensing-calibrated scaling relations for the halo concentration, $c_{200}$, as a function of $M_{200}$ and redshift, and for the Planck SZ mass proxy, $M_{SZ}$, as a function of $M_{500}$ and redshift, while accounting for sample selection effects, weak-lensing modelling biases, and residual calibration uncertainty. At $M_{200}=10^{15}M_\odot$ and $z=0.25$, we find $c_{200}=3.53\pm0.71$ with an intrinsic scatter of $0.22\pm0.04$ dex. The inferred normalisation and scatter are consistent with recent $Λ$CDM predictions for massive haloes, with no significant mass or redshift dependence over the probed range. For the Planck mass proxy, our baseline regression yields $M_{SZ}/M_{500}=0.83\pm0.09$ at $M_{500}=7\times10^{14}M_\odot$ and $z=0.25$, with an intrinsic scatter of $0.10\pm0.02$ dex. A restricted model with fixed unit mass slope and no redshift evolution gives $1-b=0.72\pm0.11$. We also provide weak-lensing-calibrated posterior estimates of $M_{500}$ for the sample based on the baseline $M_{SZ}$--$M_{500}$--$z$ relation. These results provide an initial weak-lensing mass calibration for CHEX-MATE multi-probe cluster studies.

astro-ph.CO↗
arXiv2026

Dynamics of Biased Domain Walls: The Rocket Effect

We investigate the dynamics of domain walls in scalar field theories with degenerate vacua (i.e., vacua of equal energy density) in which the scalar field mass depends on the vacuum state. Using analytical arguments and numerical simulations, we show that this vacuum dependence of the scalar field mass renders the emission of scalar radiation from domain walls anisotropic, preferentially toward regions with smaller scalar field mass. We further show that the resulting recoil (rocket) effect biases the evolution of cosmological domain wall networks in favor of the lower-mass vacuum, thereby promoting network decay. We also demonstrate that the biased evolution of domain walls in theories with degenerate vacua, previously attributed to asymmetries of the potential barrier near the local maximum, is instead primarily controlled by the vacuum dependence of the scalar field mass. More generally, in theories with non-degenerate vacua, this recoil mechanism constitutes an additional source of dynamical bias that can either hasten or delay network decay relative to the standard expectation based solely on differences in vacuum energy density.

astro-ph.CO↗
arXiv2026

Multi-tracer mass bias in matched cosmic voids from SDSS DR7 and the ELUCID constrained simulation

Cosmic voids provide a unique environment for studying the relationship between galaxies, subhaloes, and dark matter in the underdense Universe. Using the SDSS galaxy catalogue and the ELUCID constrained simulation, we establish an observationally anchored framework for measuring multi-tracer mass bias within matched cosmic voids. A sample of 102 matched void pairs is constructed to directly compare galaxy, subhalo, and dark matter mass distributions within an observationally constrained realisation of the local Universe. We find that both the galaxy-to-dark matter and subhalo-to-dark matter mass ratios decrease toward void centres, indicating that luminous and halo tracers become increasingly depleted relative to the underlying matter distribution in the deepest underdensities. In contrast, the galaxy-to-subhalo mass ratio exhibits substantially larger statistical uncertainties within the inner void regions ($r/R_{\rm v}\lesssim0.5$). By comparing measurements obtained using independent and common coordinate frameworks, we show that coordinate offsets contribute to the observed scatter but cannot fully account for the large uncertainties. The remaining uncertainty primarily arises from the severe scarcity of massive subhaloes ($\log_{10}(M_{\rm sub}/h^{-1}M_\odot)\ge11.8$) within void interiors, which greatly reduces the number of statistically valid measurements near void centres. Our results provide an empirical characterization of multi-tracer mass bias in observationally constrained cosmic environments and demonstrate the importance of accounting for coordinate consistency and tracer scarcity when interpreting such measurements in extreme underdense regions.

astro-ph.CO↗