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arXiv · 1005.5419

Equivalence classes of permutations avoiding a pattern

Henning Ulfarsson
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Abstract

Given a permutation pattern p and an equivalence relation on permutations, we study the corresponding equivalence classes all of whose members avoid p. Four relations are studied: Conjugacy, order isomorphism, Knuth-equivalence and toric equivalence. Each of these produces a known class of permutations or a known counting sequence. For example, involutions correspond to conjugacy, and permutations whose insertion tableau is hook-shaped with 2 in the first row correspond to Knuth-equivalence. These permutations are equinumerous with certain congruence classes of graph endomorphisms. In the case of toric equivalence we find a class of permutations that are counted by the Euler totient function, with a subclass counted by the number-of-divisors function. We also provide a new symmetry for bivincular patterns that produces some new non-trivial Wilf-equivalences

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Henning Ulfarsson. 2010-05-29. Equivalence classes of permutations avoiding a pattern. https://arxiv.org/abs/1005.5419

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