Spinor atom-molecule conversion via laser-induced three-body recombination

Abstract

We study theoretically several aspects of the dynamics of coherent atom-molecule conversion in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates. Specifically, we discuss how for a suitable dark-state condition the interplay of spin-exchange collisions and photoassociation leads to the stable creation of an atom- molecule pairs from three initial spin-zero atoms. This process involves two two-body interactions and can be intuitively viewed as an effective three-body recombination. We investigate the relative roles of photoassociation and of the initial magnetization in the \resonant" case where the dark state condition is perfectly satisfied. We also consider the "non-resonant" regime, where that condition is satisfied either approximately {the so-called adiabatic case {or not at all. In the adiabatic case, we derive an effective non-rigid pendulum model that allows one to conveniently discuss the onset of an antiferromagnetic instability of an \atom-molecule pendulum," as well as large-amplitude pair oscillations and atom-molecule entanglement.