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arXiv · 1110.4239

Thermal momentum distribution from shifted boundary conditions

Leonardo Giusti
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Abstract

At finite temperature the distribution of the total momentum is an observable characterizing the thermal state of a field theory, and its cumulants are related to thermodynamic potentials. In a relativistic system at zero chemical potential, for instance, the thermal variance of the total momentum is a direct measure of the entropy. We relate the generating function of the cumulants to the ratio of a path integral with properly shifted boundary conditions in the compact direction over the ordinary partition function. In this form it is well suited for Monte-Carlo evaluation, and the cumulants can be extracted straightforwardly. We test the method in the SU(3) Yang--Mills theory, and obtain the entropy density at three different temperatures.

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Leonardo Giusti. 2011-10-19. Thermal momentum distribution from shifted boundary conditions. https://arxiv.org/abs/1110.4239

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