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arXiv · 1308.0051

Noncommutative polynomials nonnegative on a variety intersect a convex set

J. William Helton·Igor Klep·Christopher S. Nelson
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Abstract

By a result of Helton and McCullough, open bounded convex free semialgebraic sets are exactly open (matricial) solution sets D_L of a linear matrix inequality (LMI) L(X)>0. This paper gives a precise algebraic certificate for a polynomial being nonnegative on a convex semialgebraic set intersect a variety, a so-called "Perfect" Positivstellensatz. For example, given a generic convex free semialgebraic set D_L we determine all "(strong sense) defining polynomials" p for D_L. This follows from our general result for a given linear pencil L and a finite set I of rows of polynomials. A matrix polynomial p is positive where L is positive and I vanishes if and only if p has a weighted sum of squares representation module the "L-real radical" of I. In such a representation the degrees of the polynomials appearing depend in a very tame way only on the degree of p and the degrees of the elements of I. Further, this paper gives an efficient algorithm for computing the L-real radical of I. Our Positivstellensatz has a number of additional consequences which are presented.

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J. William Helton, Igor Klep, Christopher S. Nelson. 2014-03-15. Noncommutative polynomials nonnegative on a variety intersect a convex set. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfa.2014.03.016

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