Relations between Short Range and Long Range Ising models

Abstract

We perform a numerical study of the long range (LR) ferromagnetic Ising model with power law decaying interactions ($J \propto r^{-d-σ}$) both on a one-dimensional chain ($d=1$) and on a square lattice ($d=2$). We use advanced cluster algorithms to avoid the critical slowing down. We first check the validity of the relation connecting the critical behavior of the LR model with parameters $(d,σ)$ to that of a short range (SR) model in an equivalent dimension $D$. We then study the critical behavior of the $d=2$ LR model close to the lower critical $σ$, uncovering that the spatial correlation function decays with two different power laws: the effect of the subdominant power law is much stronger than finite size effects and actually makes the estimate of critical exponents very subtle. By including this subdominant power law, the numerical data are consistent with the standard renormalization group (RG) prediction by Sak, thus making not necessary (and unlikely, according to Occam's razor) the recent proposal by Picco of having a new set of RG fixed points, in addition to the mean-field one and the SR one.