Search arXivSearch

arXiv · 1410.1815

Minimum sample size for detection of Gutenberg-Richter's b-value

Abstract

In this study we address the question of the minimum sample size needed for distinguishing between Gutenberg-Richter distributions with varying b-values at different resolutions. In order to account for both the complete and incomplete parts of a catalog we use the recently introduced angular frequency magnitude distribution (FMD). Unlike the gradually curved FMD, the angular FMD is fully compatible with Aki's maximum likelihood method for b-value estimation. To obtain generic results we conduct our analysis on synthetic catalogs with Monte Carlo methods. Our results indicate that the minimum sample size used in many studies is strictly below the value required for detecting significant variations.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Yavor Kamer. 2014-10-07. Minimum sample size for detection of Gutenberg-Richter's b-value. https://arxiv.org/abs/1410.1815

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

Gravitational energy released when Earth quakes: Heat supply for island-arc volcanism

We address a long-standing paradox in plate tectonics concerning the thermodynamics of its very origin: What supplies the thermal energy for the intense island-arc volcanism at the subduction zones, the supposedly cool end of the mantle convection? We surmise a first-principle physics model tracking the gravitational energy (Eg)-heat conversion within the mantle convection. The scenario points to a great amount of Eg release of ~10 TW induced by the thrust-faulting earthquakes that occur predominantly in the upper mantle at the subduction zones. Generally ~1000 times greater than the seismic energy release or nearly a quarter of the total terrestrial heat flow, this Eg release, upon conversion into heat in the irreversible convection process, supplies amply for the island-arc volcanism. Meanwhile similar but opposite and less vigorous Eg gains at ~2 TW occur at the diverging plate boundaries via the normal-faulting earthquakes. This model resolves the said paradox, and more importantly provides a new paradigm pointing to an active role of seismicity in the plate tectonic energetics and evolution of the convecting mantle.

physics.geo-ph

A general lightweight global modeling framework for three-dimensional seismic exploration

In seismic exploration, the propagation of seismic waves naturally gives rise to long-range dependencies in seismic data. Capturing such global correlations can significantly improve the accuracies of seismic signal processing, inversion, and interpretation. Global modeling (GM) methods have therefore emerged as an effective paradigm for seismic exploration, offering a powerful means of exploiting the intrinsic global relationships within seismic data. However, the mainstream GM approaches, particularly Transformers, incur prohibitively high computational costs for their inherent quadratic complexity, which restricts the scalability of such methods to higher-dimensional data. To achieve efficient GM for three-dimensional (3D) seismic exploration, we propose a general framework, named lightweight Mamba-based global modeling (LMGM), to establish long-range dependencies at a relatively low computational cost. Specifically, LMGM fully leverages the linear complexity of Mamba. A three-directional scanning Mamba block is designed to exploit spatial correlations along the three dimensions of 3D seismic data. Meanwhile, a dual-domain-aware block is further developed to integrate time- and frequency-domain features for enhanced feature representation. In addition, a two-stage plug-and-play nonlinear normalization strategy is proposed to enhance the adaptability of LMGM to diverse seismic records while preserving signal characteristics. We employ 3D seismic data interpolation as a representative task to comprehensively evaluate LMGM. The results demonstrate that LMGM achieves superior processing performance while substantially reducing computational cost compared with U-Net-based and Transformer-based methods. Furthermore, experiments on random noise removal demonstrate the applicability of LMGM beyond interpolation, supporting its potential as a general GM framework.

physics.geo-ph

A New Way for Determining Earthquake Magnitude Based on Electromagnetic Radiation

The article proposes the possibility of determining the magnitude of a future earthquake with high accuracy, based on the frequency data of VLF/LF electromagnetic emissions, as a diagnostic precursor that existed before an earthquake. Such magnitude will contribute to significantly improving the research of various fundamental issues in seismology in the future.

physics.geo-ph