Decomposition of the Kostlan--Shub--Smale model for random polynomials

Abstract

Let $\cP_n$ be the space of homogeneous polynomials of degree $n$ on $\bbR^{m+1}$. We consider the asymptotic behavior of some coefficients relating to the decomposition of $\cP_n$ into the sum of $\SO(m+1)$-irreducible components. Using the results, we prove that a random Kostlan--Shub--Smale polynomial $u\in\cP_n$ can be approximated by polynomials of lower degree in the Sobolev spaces $H^k(S^m)$ on the unit sphere $S^m$ with small error and probability close to $1$. For example, if $l_n>\sqrt{(m+2k+8\ep)n\ln n}$, then the inequality $\dist(u,\cP_{l_n}) \ep n$, then both the approximation error and the deviation of probability from $1$ decay exponentially.