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arXiv · 1510.04344

Robust Vortex Lines, Vortex Rings and Hopfions in 3D Bose-Einstein Condensates

R. N. Bisset·Wenlong Wang·C. Ticknor·R. Carretero-Gonzalez·D. J. Frantzeskakis·L. A. Collins·P. G. Kevrekidis
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Abstract

Performing a systematic Bogoliubov-de Gennes spectral analysis, we illustrate that stationary vortex lines, vortex rings and more exotic states, such as hopfions, are robust in three-dimensional atomic Bose-Einstein condensates, for large parameter intervals. Importantly, we find that the hopfion can be stabilized in a simple parabolic trap, without the need for trap rotation or inhomogeneous interactions. We supplement our spectral analysis by studying the dynamics of such stationary states; we find them to be robust against significant perturbations of the initial state. In the unstable regimes, we not only identify the unstable mode, such as a quadrupolar or hexapolar mode, but we also observe the corresponding instability dynamics. Furthermore, deep in the Thomas-Fermi regime, we investigate the particle-like behavior of vortex rings and hopfions.

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R. N. Bisset, Wenlong Wang, C. Ticknor, R. Carretero-Gonzalez, D. J. Frantzeskakis, L. A. Collins, P. G. Kevrekidis. 2015-10-14. Robust Vortex Lines, Vortex Rings and Hopfions in 3D Bose-Einstein Condensates. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.92.063611

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