Torsional rigidity for regions with a Brownian boundary

Abstract

Let $T^m$ be the $m$-dimensional unit torus, $m \in N$. The torsional rigidity of an open set $Ω\subset T^m$ is the integral with respect to Lebesgue measure over all starting points $x \in Ω$ of the expected lifetime in $Ω$ of a Brownian motion starting at $x$. In this paper we consider $Ω= T^m \backslash β[0,t]$, the complement of the path $β[0,t]$ of an independent Brownian motion up to time $t$. We compute the leading order asymptotic behaviour of the expectation of the torsional rigidity in the limit as $t \to \infty$. For $m=2$ the main contribution comes from the components in $T^2 \backslash β[0,t]$ whose inradius is comparable to the largest inradius, while for $m=3$ most of $T^3 \backslash β[0,t]$ contributes. A similar result holds for $m \geq 4$ after the Brownian path is replaced by a shrinking Wiener sausage $W_{r(t)}[0,t]$ of radius $r(t)=o(t^{-1/(m-2)})$, provided the shrinking is slow enough to ensure that the torsional rigidity tends to zero. Asymptotic properties of the capacity of $β[0,t]$ in $R^3$ and $W_1[0,t]$ in $R^m$, $m \geq 4$, play a central role throughout the paper. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the geometry of the complement of Brownian motion on $T^m$, which has received a lot of attention in the literature in past years.