Human decisions in moral dilemmas are largely described by Utilitarianism: virtual car driving study provides guidelines for ADVs

Maximilian Alexander Wächter; Anja Faulhaber; Felix Blind; Silja Timm; Anke Dittmer; Leon René Sütfeld; Achim Stephan; Gordon Pipa; Peter König

arXiv · 1706.07332

Human decisions in moral dilemmas are largely described by Utilitarianism: virtual car driving study provides guidelines for ADVs

Maximilian Alexander Wächter·Anja Faulhaber·Felix Blind·Silja Timm·Anke Dittmer·Leon René Sütfeld·Achim Stephan·Gordon Pipa·Peter König

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Abstract

Ethical thought experiments such as the trolley dilemma have been investigated extensively in the past, showing that humans act in a utilitarian way, trying to cause as little overall damage as possible. These trolley dilemmas have gained renewed attention over the past years; especially due to the necessity of implementing moral decisions in autonomous driving vehicles. We conducted a set of experiments in which participants experienced modified trolley dilemmas as the driver in a virtual reality environment. Participants had to make decisionsbetween two discrete options: driving on one of two lanes where different obstacles came into view. Obstacles included a variety of human-like avatars of different ages and group sizes. Furthermore, we tested the influence of a sidewalk as a potential safe harbor and a condition implicating a self-sacrifice. Results showed that subjects, in general, decided in a utilitarian manner, sparing the highest number of avatars possible with a limited influence of the other variables. Our findings support that human behavior is in line with the utilitarian approach to moral decision making. This may serve as a guideline for the implementation of moral decisions in ADVs.

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Maximilian Alexander Wächter, Anja Faulhaber, Felix Blind, Silja Timm, Anke Dittmer, Leon René Sütfeld, Achim Stephan, Gordon Pipa, Peter König. 2017-06-23. Human decisions in moral dilemmas are largely described by Utilitarianism: virtual car driving study provides guidelines for ADVs. https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.07332

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