Butson-type complex Hadamard matrices and association schemes on Galois rings of characteristic 4

Abstract

We consider nonsymmetric hermitian complex Hadamard matrices belonging to the Bose-Mesner algebra of commutative nonsymmetric association schemes. First, we give a characterization of the eigenmatrix of a commutative nonsymmetric association scheme of class 3 whose Bose-Mesner algebra contains a nonsymmetric hermitian complex Hadamard matrix, and show that such a complex Hadamard matrix is necessarily a Butson-type complex Hadamard matrix whose entries are 4-th roots of unity. We also give nonsymmetric association schemes X of class 6 on Galois rings of characteristic 4, and classify hermitian complex Hadamard matrices belonging to the Bose-Mesner algebra of X. It is shown that such a matrix is again necessarily a Butson-type complex Hadamard matrix whose entries are 4-th roots of unity.