Galaxy spin as a formation probe: the stellar-to-halo specific angular momentum relation

Abstract

We derive the stellar-to-halo specific angular momentum relation (SHSAMR) of galaxies at $z=0$ by combining i) the standard $Λ$CDM tidal torque theory ii) the observed relation between stellar mass and specific angular momentum (Fall relation) and iii) various determinations of the stellar-to-halo mass relation (SHMR). We find that the ratio $f_j = j_\ast/j_{\rm h}$ of the specific angular momentum of stars to that of the dark matter i) varies with mass as a double power-law, ii) it always has a peak in the mass range explored and iii) it is $3-5$ times larger for spirals than for ellipticals. The results have some dependence on the adopted SHMR and we provide fitting formulae in each case. For any choice of the SHMR, the peak of $f_j$ occurs at the same mass where the stellar-to-halo mass ratio $f_\ast = M_\ast/M_{\rm h}$ has a maximum. This is mostly driven by the straightness and tightness of the Fall relation, which requires $f_j$ and $f_\ast$ to be correlated with each other roughly as $f_j\propto f_\ast^{2/3}$, as expected if the outer and more angular momentum rich parts of a halo failed to accrete onto the central galaxy and form stars (biased collapse). We also confirm that the difference in the angular momentum of spirals and ellipticals at a given mass is too large to be ascribed only to different spins of the parent dark-matter haloes (spin bias).