Dificuldades na aprendizagem de Física sob a ótica dos resultados do Enem / Physics learning difficulties from the perspective of ENEM results

Marta F. Barroso; Gustavo Rubini; Tatiana da Silva

Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 1802.09880

Dificuldades na aprendizagem de Física sob a ótica dos resultados do Enem / Physics learning difficulties from the perspective of ENEM results

Marta F. Barroso·Gustavo Rubini·Tatiana da Silva

View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The results of the National High School Examination (ENEM) are an important tool for a diagnosis of educational deficiencies at the end of a training cycle. This exam is a relevant source of data for the evaluation of what is learned by high school students. In this paper, thirteen selected questions are presented, from the Natural Sciences exam in the period between 2009 and 2014, questions that were classified as "physics questions", in which the alternatives reveal well-delimited non-scientific conceptions described in the literature. From the students' performance on these items, observations about the learning process in physics in basic education are made. This study reveals that there are some permanent difficulties in understanding basic concepts of mechanics, thermal phenomena and geometric optics. Many of these questions point to the presence and even predominant role of non-scientific conceptions described in the research literature in physics teaching. Even knowing how difficult it is to modify these conceptions, the results reveal that, despite all the research effort in physics teaching since the 1980s, there was little impact of the results in the learning process, and only a few changes incorporating this knowlege in the didactic materials and in the teacher training courses. (Paper in Portuguese.)

Explore related subjects

physics.ed-ph

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeX RIS

Marta F. Barroso, Gustavo Rubini, Tatiana da Silva. 2018-02-27. Dificuldades na aprendizagem de Física sob a ótica dos resultados do Enem / Physics learning difficulties from the perspective of ENEM results. https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.09880

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Addressing misconceptions in university physics: A review and experiences from quantum physics educators

Students often begin physics courses with misconceptions rooted in everyday experience and intuition, which can be resistant to change. While research has identified strategies for addressing misconceptions across physics, it remains unclear whether different domains, like classical and quantum physics, require different approaches. Quantum concepts can pose different representational and mathematical demands, while both domains require instructors to elicit and develop students' reasoning. To support discussion of these instructional challenges, we organize selected literature on addressing misconceptions in physics education and summarize instructors' accounts. The overview groups 122 distinct works into four categories, with further subcategories. A preliminary framework developed from existing review literature informed the interview guide. We interviewed 12 instructors from the University of Waterloo's Institute for Quantum Computing and the Perimeter Institute, who have collectively taught over 100 quantum courses. The accounts describe difficulties involving instructional representations, prerequisite knowledge, and the interpretation of students' reasoning, alongside reported diagnostic and instructional responses. We draw these accounts and the literature together as questions for instructional planning. The report does not resolve the intended classical--quantum comparison or establish comparative instructional effectiveness.

physics.ed-ph↗

arXiv2026

Johann Bernoulli's analysis of elastic collisions (a teaching sequence to introduce the dynamic law thereby inspired)

In order to explain an elastic collision, Johann Bernoulli considered two bodies connected by a spring. Motion is defined as a succession of states of rest. Then, considering the spring to be a lever with a body at each extremity, the laws of equilibrium imply that `motion' is described by the time variation of the (common) quantity of motion of the bodies; the dynamic law is thus deduced. This inspires a teaching sequence to introduce the dynamic law (in one dimension) in introductory physics course; we call it ``bernoullian sequence''.

physics.ed-ph↗

arXiv2026

Design and Initial Evaluation of a Photovoltaics-focused Course-based Undergraduate Research Experience in Physics

Traditional physics laboratory courses often focus on experiments with well-known results, limiting students' engagement in authentic scientific practices. Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs), where students engage in real research with unknown outcomes, have been shown to support positive student outcomes, such as increased self-efficacy, persistence, and engagement in scientific practices. However, discipline-specific studies of CUREs in physics remain limited. We describe the development, structure, and initial implementation of a photovoltaics-focused CURE in a second-year undergraduate physics laboratory course at the University of Colorado Boulder. To examine how students experienced the course, we analyzed end-of-semester reflection assignments using the five CURE components (i.e., scientific practices, discovery, relevance, collaboration, and iteration), as well as established dimensions of research authenticity, as analytic frameworks. Students described experiences associated with all five CURE components, with collaboration, relevance, and scientific practices appearing most prominently in their reflections. Students also associated authentic research with meaningful scientific contribution, engagement in authentic scientific practices, and navigating the uncertainty and setbacks inherent in research, although fewer explicitly identified themselves as researchers or scientists. A subset of students additionally connected the course to their immediate thinking about future academic and professional pathways. This work contributes both a discipline-specific model for implementing CUREs in experimental physics laboratory courses and provides insight into how students interpret and experience authentic research within this course context.

physics.ed-ph↗