Wave to pulse generation. From oscillatory synapse to train of action potentials

Abstract

Neurons have the capability of transforming information from a digital signal at the dendrites of the presynaptic termi- nal to an analogous wave at the synaptic cleft and back to a digital pulse when they achieve the required voltage for the generation of an action potential at the postsynaptic neuron. The main question of this research is what processes are generating the oscillatory wave signal at the synaptic cleft and what is the best model for this phenomenon. Here, it is proposed a model of the synapse as an oscillatory system capable of synchronization taking into account conservation of information and consequently of frequency at the interior of the synaptic cleft. Trains of action potentials certainly encode and transmit information along the nervous system but most of the time neurons are not transmitting action potentials, 99 percent of their time neurons are in the sub threshold regime were only small signals without the energy to emanate an action potential are carrying the majority of information. The proposed model for a synapse, smooths the train of action potential and keeps its frequency. Synapses are presented here as a system composed of an input wave that is transformed through interferometry. The collective synaptic interference pattern of waves will reflect the points of maximum amplitude for the density wave synaptic function were the location of the "particle" in our case action potential, has its highest probability.