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arXiv · 1810.11002

Quantum Breaking Bound on de Sitter and Swampland

Gia Dvali·Cesar Gomez·Sebastian Zell
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Abstract

Quantum consistency suggests that any de Sitter patch that lasts a number of Hubble times that exceeds its Gibbons-Hawking entropy divided by the number of light particle species suffers an effect of quantum breaking. Inclusion of other interactions makes the quantum break-time shorter. The requirement that this must not happen puts severe constraints on scalar potentials, essentially suppressing the self-reproduction regimes. In particular, it eliminates both local and global minima with positive energy densities and imposes a general upper bound on the number of e-foldings in any given Hubble patch. Consequently, maxima and other tachyonic directions must be curved stronger than the corresponding Hubble parameter. We show that the key relations of the recently-proposed de Sitter swampland conjecture follow from the de Sitter quantum breaking bound. We give a general derivation and also illustrate this on a concrete example of $D$-brane inflation. We can say that string theory as a consistent theory of quantum gravity nullifies a positive vacuum energy in self-defense against quantum breaking.

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Gia Dvali, Cesar Gomez, Sebastian Zell. 2019-07-31. Quantum Breaking Bound on de Sitter and Swampland. https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.201800094

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