Search arXiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 1902.01138

Vortex conveyor belt for matter-wave coherent splitting and interferometry

Jixun Liu·Xi Wang·Jorge Mellado Muñoz·Anna Kowalczyk·Giovanni Barontini
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

We numerically study a matter wave interferometer realized by splitting a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate with phase imprinting. We show that a simple step-like imprinting pattern rapidly decays into a string of vortices that can generate opposite velocities on the two halves of the condensate. We first study in detail the splitting and launching effect of these vortex structures, whose functioning resembles the one of a conveyor belt, and we show that the initial exit velocity along the vortex conveyor belt can be controlled continuously by adjusting the vortex distance. We finally characterize the complete interferometric sequence, demonstrating how the phase of the resulting interference fringe can be used to measure an external acceleration. The proposed scheme has the potential to be developed into compact and high precision accelerometers.

Explore related subjects

cond-mat.quant-gas

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Jixun Liu, Xi Wang, Jorge Mellado Muñoz, Anna Kowalczyk, Giovanni Barontini. 2019-02-04. Vortex conveyor belt for matter-wave coherent splitting and interferometry. https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.01138

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Mean-field phase diagrams of spinor bosons in an optical cavity

The plethora of possible ground states of spinor bosons placed in an external lattice and a cavity is revisited. We discuss the simplest configuration when the external lattice nodes coincide with the antinodes of the cavity field. We analyze the problem within the grand-canonical mean-field approach, considering both the homogeneous system and the nonhomogeneous case with a harmonic trapping potential. Due to the spin degree of freedom, in the homogeneous case, we treat the system in a twofold manner: we impose the physically relevant total-magnetization constraint, while also discussing the minimization landscape for the full unconstrained problem. In the latter, by combining analytical arguments with numerical calculations based on the Gutzwiller ansatz, we show that the system exhibits two types of magnetic phases: an antiferromagnetic Mott insulator (AFM) and a ferromagnetic density wave (FDW). In addition, two distinct supersolid phases emerge, characterized by different patterns of spin and density imbalances. In the case of zero total magnetization, the FDW phases are replaced by charge density waves (CDWs) that lack net magnetic ordering. Finally, we establish the phase diagram of the trapped system, providing direct guidance for future experiments.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗
arXiv2026

Weak ferromagnetism in the square-lattice Heisenberg $J_1$-$J_2$-$J_2^\prime$ model with easy-axis single-ion anisotropy

Motivated by recent experimental realizations of the Heisenberg model and two-dimensional altermagnetism using ultracold atoms in optical lattices, we systematically investigate the magnetic properties of the square-lattice Heisenberg $J_1$-$J_2$-$J_2^\prime$ model in the presence of easy-axis single-ion anisotropy $D$. Here, $J_1 (>0)$ is the nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic exchange parameter, while $J_2$ and $J_2^\prime$ are two distinct next-nearest-neighbor superexchange parameters that alternate on the lattice. We perform numerical calculations of the sublattice magnetization, net magnetization, and critical temperature. Interestingly, the net magnetization is not identically zero at finite temperatures; its absolute value first increases and then decreases with increasing temperature, revealing a temperature-dependent weak ferromagnetism. We find that $J_2\not=J_2^\prime$ is the primary factor responsible for weak ferromagnetism at finite temperatures, while $D$ provides the necessary background for two-dimensional long-range magnetic ordering. Moreover, for a fixed $J_2+J_2^\prime$, we observe that a larger $|J_2-J_2^\prime|$ leads to a greater maximum net magnetization and critical temperature, as well as a broader temperature range for weak ferromagnetism. The difference between $J_2$ and $J_2^\prime$ originates from the distinct superexchange pathways between magnetic atoms, with these pathways mediated by two different types of nonmagnetic atoms. This mechanism, which differs from conventional ones such as the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, may be detectable in real materials.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗
arXiv2026

Borromean Criticality in Two Dimensions

The characteristic feature of counterflow superfluids consisting of $N\geq 3$ components -- the so-called Borromean supercounterfluids (BSCF) -- is the presence of $N$ distinct elementary topological excitations (vortices) despite having only $N-1$ independent Goldstone modes. We show that this remarkable property clearly manifests itself at the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless-type transition from the BSCF to the normal state, under the conditions of slight to moderate deviations from the case of exact intercomponent symmetry. More generally, our analysis also applies to any multicomponent superfluid with intercomponent drag fine-tuned to the value when certain composite vortices compete energetically with elementary ones.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗