A generalized phase space approach for solving quantum spin dynamics

Abstract

Numerical techniques to efficiently model out-of-equilibrium dynamics in interacting quantum many-body systems are key for advancing our capability to harness and understand complex quantum matter. Here we propose a new numerical approach which we refer to as GDTWA. It is based on a discrete semi-classical phase-space sampling and allows to investigate quantum dynamics in lattice spin systems with arbitrary $S\geq 1/2$. We show that the GDTWA can accurately simulate dynamics of large ensembles in arbitrary dimensions. We apply it for $S>1/2$ spin-models with dipolar long-range interactions, a scenario arising in recent experiments with magnetic atoms. We show that the method can capture beyond mean-field effects, not only at short times, but it also correctly reproduces long time quantum-thermalization dynamics. We benchmark the method with exact diagonalization in small systems, with perturbation theory for short times, and with analytical predictions made for closed system which feature quantum-thermalization at long times. By computing the Renyi entropy, currently an experimentally accessible quantifier of entanglement, we reveal that large $S$ systems can feature larger entanglement than corresponding $S=1/2$ systems. Our analyses demonstrate that the GDTWA can be a powerful tool for modeling complex spin dynamics in regimes where other state-of-the art numerical methods fail.