CLT for Circular beta-Ensembles at High Temperature

Abstract

We consider the macroscopic large N limit of the Circular beta-Ensemble at high temperature, and its weighted version as well, in the regime where the inverse temperature scales as beta/N for some parameter beta>0. More precisely, in the large N limit, the equilibrium measure of this particle system is described as the unique minimizer of a functional which interpolates between the relative entropy (beta=0) and the weighted logarithmic energy (beta=\infty). More precisely, we provide subGaussian concentration estimates in the W1 metric for the deviations of the empirical measure to this equilibrium mesure. The purpose of this work is to show that the fluctuation of the empirical measure around the equilibrium measure converges towards a Gaussian field whose covariance structure interpolates between the Lebesgue L^2 (beta=0) and the Sobolev H^{1/2} (beta=\infty) norms. We furthermore obtain a rate of convergence for the fluctuations in the W_2 metric. Our proof uses the normal approximation result of Lambert, Ledoux and Webb [2017] the Coulomb transport inequality of Chafai, Hardy, Maida [2018] and a spectral analysis for the operator associated with the limiting covariance structure.