Automatic Posture and Movement Tracking of Infants with Wearable Movement Sensors

Manu Airaksinen; Okko Räsänen; Elina Ilén; Taru Häyrinen; Anna Kivi; Viviana Marchi; Anastasia Gallen; Sonja Blom; Anni Varhe; Nico Kaartinen; Leena Haataja; Sampsa Vanhatalo

arXiv · 1909.09823

Automatic Posture and Movement Tracking of Infants with Wearable Movement Sensors

Manu Airaksinen·Okko Räsänen·Elina Ilén·Taru Häyrinen·Anna Kivi·Viviana Marchi·Anastasia Gallen·Sonja Blom·Anni Varhe·Nico Kaartinen·Leena Haataja·Sampsa Vanhatalo

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Abstract

Infants' spontaneous and voluntary movements mirror developmental integrity of brain networks since they require coordinated activation of multiple sites in the central nervous system. Accordingly, early detection of infants with atypical motor development holds promise for recognizing those infants who are at risk for a wide range of neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g., cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorders). Previously, novel wearable technology has shown promise for offering efficient, scalable and automated methods for movement assessment in adults. Here, we describe the development of an infant wearable, a multi-sensor smart jumpsuit that allows mobile accelerometer and gyroscope data collection during movements. Using this suit, we first recorded play sessions of 22 typically developing infants of approximately 7 months of age. These data were manually annotated for infant posture and movement based on video recordings of the sessions, and using a novel annotation scheme specifically designed to assess the overall movement pattern of infants in the given age group. A machine learning algorithm, based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) was then trained for automatic detection of posture and movement classes using the data and annotations. Our experiments show that the setup can be used for quantitative tracking of infant movement activities with a human equivalent accuracy, i.e., it meets the human inter-rater agreement levels in infant posture and movement classification. We also quantify the ambiguity of human observers in analyzing infant movements, and propose a method for utilizing this uncertainty for performance improvements in training of the automated classifier. Comparison of different sensor configurations also shows that four-limb recording leads to the best performance in posture and movement classification.

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Manu Airaksinen, Okko Räsänen, Elina Ilén, Taru Häyrinen, Anna Kivi, Viviana Marchi, Anastasia Gallen, Sonja Blom, Anni Varhe, Nico Kaartinen, Leena Haataja, Sampsa Vanhatalo. 2019-12-18. Automatic Posture and Movement Tracking of Infants with Wearable Movement Sensors. https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.09823

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