Search arXivSearch

arXiv · 1911.07763

A Spark ML driven preprocessing approach for deep learning based scholarly data applications

Abstract

Big data has found applications in multiple domains. One of the largest sources of textual big data is scientific documents and papers. Big scholarly data have been used in numerous ways to create innovative applications such as collaborator discovery, expert finding and research management systems. With the advent of advanced machine and deep learning techniques, the accuracy and novelty of such applications have risen manifold. However, the biggest challenge in the development of deep learning models for scholarly applications in cloud based environment is the underutilization of resources because of the excessive time taken by textual preprocessing. This paper presents a preprocessing pipeline that makes use of Spark for data ingestion and Spark ML for pipelining preprocessing tasks. The evaluation of the proposed work is done using a case study, which uses LSTM based text summarization for generating title or summary from abstract of any research. The ingestion, preprocessing and cumulative time for the proposed approach (P3SAPP) is much lower than the conventional approach (CA), which manifests in reduction of costs as well.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Samiya Khan, Xiufeng Liu, Mansaf Alam. 2019-11-04. A Spark ML driven preprocessing approach for deep learning based scholarly data applications. https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.07763

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

Multimmit: Extending Blocks for Faster Finality

To meet the throughput demands of modern blockchain systems, protocols for State Machine Replication (SMR) increasingly have many processors disseminate blocks of transactions in parallel, with consensus then establishing a total ordering on the blocks of all producers. Such designs face a choice as to when a block may enter the ordering. Certified approaches wait for a quorum to attest a block's availability, which is robust but adds message delays to every transaction. Uncertified approaches let proposals reference blocks immediately, which is fast but degrades rapidly when referenced data must be fetched on the critical path. Raptr, the state of the art, takes a middle course, finalising the longest prefix of the leader's proposal that a quorum holds, so that no processor ever blocks or fetches. The remaining weakness is sensitivity to order: if the data behind a single early batch is withheld, the proposal finalises little or nothing, so individual faulty producers can still deny the system its optimistic path. We present Multimmit, a protocol for $n \ge 5f+1$ processors combining a consensus layer requiring one round of voting per view with multi-chain data dissemination. Votes are cast relative to the leader's proposal, reporting per chain how far the voter can support it, and may themselves attest fresh blocks beyond it. A transaction block disseminated at time $t$ is ordered by $t+3δ$ in expectation and $t+2δ$ at best, measured from the block's dissemination rather than the leader's proposal. Degradation under faults is graceful: a faulty producer delays only its own chain's blocks, costing other chains at most a one-view wait for placement. No leader can both finalise its leader block and exclude a fresh, well-circulated block of an honest chain. Consensus traffic is tens of kilobytes per view, independent of transaction volume.

cs.DC

Comparison of Algebraic Block Multi-Coloring and Leiden Methods for Parallel Preconditioning in the ICCG Method

In the application of incomplete Cholesky preconditioning to the incomplete Cholesky-conjugate gradient (ICCG) method, forward and backward substitutions exhibit sequential dependencies that constitute a major bottleneck for parallelization in multicore environments. To alleviate this bottleneck, the algebraic block multi-coloring (ABMC) method achieves both parallelism and data locality through block-wise coloring. However, ABMC requires the number of blocks to be specified as an input parameter in advance. This study evaluates the Leiden method as an alternative blocking approach for parallel preconditioning in the ICCG method. As a community detection technique that maximizes a quality function for graph partitioning, the Leiden method automatically generates blocks that reflect the matrix structure without requiring the number of blocks a priori. We partition the adjacency graphs of sparse matrices using the Leiden method and utilize the resulting blocks for parallel preconditioning. We implement the Leiden method using modularity and the constant Potts model as quality functions and compare its performance with that of the ABMC method in terms of the number of iterations, execution time, and L2 cache efficiency across eight symmetric positive definite matrices. The experimental results demonstrate that the Leiden method with the constant Potts model achieves performance comparable to that of the ABMC method configured with an optimized number of blocks.

cs.DC

ForgeStencil: Automating Per-Case Stencil Specialization from Kernels to 100+ Real Applications

Industrial and scientific computing rests on a few core kernels, and the stencil is among the most widely used: weather and climate models, seismic imaging, fluid dynamics, and image processing all run on it. No single stencil implementation is fastest: the optimal kernel changes qualitatively with stencil shape, grid shape, precision, and host application. For two decades the field has answered with general methods (DSLs, code generators, autotuners), because specialized solutions were too expensive to build per case, so all reuse one human-authored recipe. That reuse costs performance; we call the cost the generality tax. This premise no longer holds: code-synthesis agents now build a correct, specialized solution per case at acceptable cost. ForgeStencil automates this. A Kernel Agent synthesizes CUDA and forges a per-configuration map of specialized operators, removing the tax case by case. On an A100 the map beats the strongest public baseline in 37 of 37 cases: geometric mean 2.35x against same-precision f32 baselines and 1.95x for fp16, each reported under its own precision. The same change reaches end-to-end application performance. A generic operator library is tuned once for its own general case and reused across applications, so its shapes, layouts, and launch boundaries are optimal for none of them: using it is the application-level form of the tax. An App Agent instead forges a specialized solution per application, locating hotspots, rewriting application structure, and validating and integrating each change. Across 100 real industrial and scientific codes the end-to-end median speedup is 1.41x against each application's own GPU baseline. To our knowledge this is the first demonstration that per-case synthesis carries from a kernel library to complete applications at this breadth, and evidence that reuse is no longer the default in a domain built on it for two decades.

cs.DC