arXiv · 2007.06838
We revisit the cocked hat -- an old problem from navigation -- and examine under what conditions its old solution is valid.
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Imre Bárány, William Steiger, Sivan Toledo. 2020-07-14. The cocked hat. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0373463321000011
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We prove that every finite-dimensional Busemann \(G\)-space of dimension at least five has the disjoint disks property (DDP). For a sufficiently small metric sphere \(L=S(c,r)\), we show that every embedded arc contained in an exact distance level is a homotopical \(Z_2\)-set in \(L\). It follows that \(L\) has the disjoint arc-disk property and the disjoint homotopies property. Daverman's product theorem then gives DDP for \(L\times\mathbb R\), and a local avoidance argument at the center yields DDP for the ambient \(G\)-space. Since finite-dimensional Busemann \(G\)-spaces are generalized manifolds, in dimensions at least five the remaining obstruction to the Busemann conjecture is the resolution problem.
Let $(\mathcal{M},d_{\mathrm{GH}})$ denote the Gromov-Hausdorff space of isometry classes of nonempty compact metric spaces. We prove that every nonempty compact metric space is isometrically embeddable into $(\mathcal{M},d_{\mathrm{GH}})$. More precisely, for every $D>0$ and every nonempty compact metric space $K$ with $\operatorname{diam} K\le D$, we realize the space of all $1$-Lipschitz functions on $K$ with values in $[0,D]$ as a family of metrics on a fixed Cantor space. Under this realization, the Gromov-Hausdorff distance agrees exactly with the uniform distance between functions, and each resulting metric space has diameter at most $76D$. We also construct finite approximations for which the Gromov-Hausdorff distance is given by an exact formula, together with a uniform approximation estimate.
For finite measures with positive densities on convex Euclidean supports, we prove that $MCP(κ,N)$ passes with unchanged parameters to almost every isometric leaf of an arbitrary nonexpansive map. The proof rests on a sharp contraction inequality for geometric conditional densities, with exponent equal to the leaf codimension. The inherited dimension parameter is optimal. A total-variation limit on resolvent graphs extends the result to inverse fibres of maximal monotone relations, including convex gradient fibres. We also disprove Klartag's curvature-dimension inheritance conjecture by a firmly nonexpansive example in dimension three and a gradient example in dimension four. In codimension one, affinity of the geometric density yields curvature-dimension inheritance. The first example also gives failure on monotone fibres. Both constructions admit arbitrarily large curvature loss, including for a fixed Gaussian ambient measure on families of leaves of positive quotient measure.