Joint universality on the half plane of absolute convergence

Abstract

We prove joint universality theorems on the half plane of absolute convergence for general classes of Dirichlet series with an Euler-product, where in addition to vertical shifts we also allow scaling. This generalizes our recent joint universality results for Dirichlet $L$-functions. In contrast to classical universality, we do not need that the Dirichlet series in question have an analytic continuation beyond their region of absolute convergence. Also we may allow weaker orthogonality conditions for pairs of Dirichlet series than in the previous joint universality results of Lee-Nakamura-Pańkowski. We take care to avoid using the Ramanujan conjecture in our proof and hence as a consequence of our universality theorem, we obtain stronger results on zeros of linear combinations of $L$-functions in the half plane of absolute convergence than previous results of Booker-Thorne and Righetti. For example as a consequence of our main universality result we have that certain linear combinations of Hecke $L$-series coming from Maass wave forms have infinitely many zeros in any strip $1<$Re$(s)<1+δ$.