Search arXivSearch

arXiv · 2008.09450

Adversarial Imitation Learning via Random Search

Abstract

Developing agents that can perform challenging complex tasks is the goal of reinforcement learning. The model-free reinforcement learning has been considered as a feasible solution. However, the state of the art research has been to develop increasingly complicated techniques. This increasing complexity makes the reconstruction difficult. Furthermore, the problem of reward dependency is still exists. As a result, research on imitation learning, which learns policy from a demonstration of experts, has begun to attract attention. Imitation learning directly learns policy based on data on the behavior of the experts without the explicit reward signal provided by the environment. However, imitation learning tries to optimize policies based on deep reinforcement learning such as trust region policy optimization. As a result, deep reinforcement learning based imitation learning also poses a crisis of reproducibility. The issue of complex model-free model has received considerable critical attention. A derivative-free optimization based reinforcement learning and the simplification on policies obtain competitive performance on the dynamic complex tasks. The simplified policies and derivative free methods make algorithm be simple. The reconfiguration of research demo becomes easy. In this paper, we propose an imitation learning method that takes advantage of the derivative-free optimization with simple linear policies. The proposed method performs simple random search in the parameter space of policies and shows computational efficiency. Experiments in this paper show that the proposed model, without a direct reward signal from the environment, obtains competitive performance on the MuJoCo locomotion tasks.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

MyungJae Shin, Joongheon Kim. 2020-08-21. Adversarial Imitation Learning via Random Search. https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2019.8852307

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

Analysis of Regularized Learning in Banach Spaces for Linear-functional Data

This article delves into the study of the theory of regularized learning in Banach spaces for linear-functional data. It encompasses discussions on representer theorems, pseudo-approximation theorems, and convergence theorems. Regularized learning is designed to minimize regularized empirical risks over a Banach space. The empirical risks are calculated by utilizing training data and multi-loss functions. The input training data are composed of linear functionals in a predual space of the Banach space to capture discrete local information from multimodal data and multiscale models. Through the regularized learning, approximations of the exact solution to an unidentified or uncertain original problem are globally achieved. In the convergence theorems, the convergence of the approximate solutions to the exact solution is established through the utilization of the weak* topology of the Banach space. The theorems of regularized learning are utilized in the interpretation of classical machine learning, such as support vector machines and artificial neural networks.

cs.LG

On Minimal Depth in Neural Networks

Understanding the relationship between the depth of a neural network and its representational capacity is a central problem in deep learning theory. In this work, we develop a geometric framework to analyze the expressivity of ReLU networks with the notion of depth complexity for convex polytopes. The depth of a polytope recursively quantifies the number of alternating convex hull and Minkowski sum operations required to construct it. This geometric perspective serves as a rigorous tool for deriving depth lower bounds and understanding the structural limits of deep neural architectures. We establish lower and upper bounds on the depth of polytopes, as well as tight bounds for classical families. These results yield two main consequences. First, we provide a purely geometric proof of the expressivity bound by Arora et al. (2018), confirming that $\lceil \log_2(n+1)\rceil$ hidden layers suffice to represent any continuous piecewise linear (CPWL) function. Second, we prove that, unlike general ReLU networks, convex polytopes do not admit a universal depth bound. Specifically, the depth of cyclic polytopes in dimensions $n \geq 4$ grows unboundedly with the number of vertices. This result implies that Input Convex Neural Networks (ICNNs) cannot represent all convex CPWL functions with a fixed depth, revealing a sharp separation in expressivity between ICNNs and standard ReLU networks.

cs.LG

DeepSPoC: A Deep Learning Based Sequential Propagation of Chaos

Classical particle methods based on propagation of chaos (PoC) have been developed for solving mean-field stochastic differential equations and their associated nonlinear Fokker--Planck equations. However, direct PoC implementations are difficult to apply to high-dimensional problems because they require simulating and storing large numbers of interacting particles, often with high particle-particle interaction costs. Motivated by these limitations, we build on the recently proposed sequential propagation of chaos (SPoC) framework, which replaces the fully interacting particle system in PoC with a sequential interaction mechanism. Based on this structure, we present DeepSPoC, a neural particle method that embeds a neural density representation into the sequential particle dynamics. DeepSPoC simulates particles batch by batch, while the neural network represents the evolving empirical law and is substituted into the coefficients of the mean-field SDE, thereby replacing direct particle-particle interactions with particle-network interactions. In DeepSPoC, a recently developed normalizing flow model called KRnet is used to approximate the empirical measure of particles. Compared with direct particle implementations, DeepSPoC substantially reduces memory consumption and evaluates interaction terms more efficiently, thereby improving scalability for high-dimensional problems. We apply DeepSPoC to a wide range of mean-field equations and verify its effectiveness and computational advantages.

cs.LG