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arXiv · 2103.14484

Cavity-induced exciton localisation and polariton blockade in two-dimensional semiconductors coupled to an electromagnetic resonator

E. V. Denning·M. Wubs·N. Stenger·J. Mork·P. T. Kristensen
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Abstract

Recent experiments have demonstrated strong light-matter coupling between electromagnetic nanoresonators and pristine sheets of two-dimensional semiconductors, and it has been speculated whether these systems can enter the quantum regime operating at the few-polariton level. To address this question, we present a first-principles microscopic quantum theory for the interaction between excitons in an infinite sheet of two-dimensional material and a localised electromagnetic resonator. We find that the light-matter interaction breaks the symmetry of the otherwise translation-invariant system and thereby effectively generates a localised exciton mode, which is coupled to an environment of residual exciton modes. This dissipative coupling increases with tighter lateral confinement, and our analysis reveals this to be a potential challenge in realising nonlinear exciton-exciton interaction. Nonetheless, we predict that polariton blockade due to nonlinear exciton-exciton interactions is well within reach for nanoresonators coupled to transition-metal dichalcogenides, provided that the lateral resonator mode confinement can be sufficiently small that the nonlinearity overcomes the polariton dephasing caused by phonon interactions.

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E. V. Denning, M. Wubs, N. Stenger, J. Mork, P. T. Kristensen. 2021-03-26. Cavity-induced exciton localisation and polariton blockade in two-dimensional semiconductors coupled to an electromagnetic resonator. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.4.l012020

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