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arXiv · 2106.06352

The Rank of the Sandpile Group of Random Directed Bipartite Graphs

Atal Bhargava·Jack DePascale·Jake Koenig
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Abstract

We identify the asymptotic distribution of $p$-rank of the sandpile group of a random directed bipartite graphs which are not too imbalanced. We show this matches exactly that of the Erd{ö}s-R{é}nyi random directed graph model, suggesting the Sylow $p$-subgroups of this model may also be Cohen-Lenstra distributed. Our work builds on results of Koplewitz who studied $p$-rank distributions for unbalanced random bipartite graphs, and showed that for sufficiently unbalanced graphs, the distribution of $p$-rank differs from the Cohen-Lenstra distribution. Koplewitz \cite{K} conjectured that for random balanced bipartite graphs, the expected value of $p$-rank is $O(1)$ for any $p$. This work proves his conjecture and gives the exact distribution for the subclass of directed graphs.

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Atal Bhargava, Jack DePascale, Jake Koenig. 2023-02-17. The Rank of the Sandpile Group of Random Directed Bipartite Graphs. https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.06352

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