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arXiv · 2109.10296

The influence of the environment on the spin evolution of low-mass stars. I. External photoevaporation of circumstellar disks

Julia Roquette·Sean P. Matt·Andrew J. Winter·Louis Amard·Sophia Stasevic
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Abstract

Massive stars are strong sources of far-ultraviolet radiation that can be hostile to the evolution of protoplanetary disks, driving mass loss by external photoevaporation and shortening disk-dissipation timescales. Their effect may also reduce the timescale of angular momentum exchanges between the disk and host star during the early pre-main-sequence phase. To improve our understanding of the environmental influence on the rotational history of stars, we developed a model that considers the influence of the local far-ultraviolet radiation on the spin evolution of low mass stars. Our model includes an assumption of disk-locking, which fixes the rotation rate during the star-disk-interaction phase, with the duration of this phase parametrised as a function of the local far-ultraviolet radiation and stellar mass (in the range 0.1--1.3 M$_\odot$). In this way, we demonstrate how the feedback from massive stars can significantly influence the spin evolution of stars and explain the mass-dependency observed in period-mass distributions of young regions like Upper Sco and NGC 2264. The high far-ultraviolet environments of high-mass stars can skew the period distribution of surrounding stars towards fast-rotation, explaining the excess of fast-rotating stars in the open cluster h Per. The proposed link between rotation and the pre-main-sequence environment opens new avenues for interpreting the rotational distributions of young stars. For example, we suggest that stellar rotation may be used as a tracer for the primordial ultraviolet irradiation for stars up to $\sim$1 Gyr, which offers a potential method to connect mature planetary systems to their birth environment.

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Julia Roquette, Sean P. Matt, Andrew J. Winter, Louis Amard, Sophia Stasevic. 2021-09-21. The influence of the environment on the spin evolution of low-mass stars. I. External photoevaporation of circumstellar disks. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras%2Fstab2772

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