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arXiv · 2109.14776

Measuring Sentence-Level and Aspect-Level (Un)certainty in Science Communications

Jiaxin Pei·David Jurgens
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Abstract

Certainty and uncertainty are fundamental to science communication. Hedges have widely been used as proxies for uncertainty. However, certainty is a complex construct, with authors expressing not only the degree but the type and aspects of uncertainty in order to give the reader a certain impression of what is known. Here, we introduce a new study of certainty that models both the level and the aspects of certainty in scientific findings. Using a new dataset of 2167 annotated scientific findings, we demonstrate that hedges alone account for only a partial explanation of certainty. We show that both the overall certainty and individual aspects can be predicted with pre-trained language models, providing a more complete picture of the author's intended communication. Downstream analyses on 431K scientific findings from news and scientific abstracts demonstrate that modeling sentence-level and aspect-level certainty is meaningful for areas like science communication. Both the model and datasets used in this paper are released at https://blablablab.si.umich.edu/projects/certainty/.

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Jiaxin Pei, David Jurgens. 2021-10-11. Measuring Sentence-Level and Aspect-Level (Un)certainty in Science Communications. https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.14776

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