DES Map Shows a Smoother Distribution of Matter than Expected: A Possible Explanation

Abstract

The largest and most detailed map of the distribution of dark matter in the Universe has been recently created by the DES team. The distribution was found to be slightly (be few percent) smoother, less clumpy than predicted by the general relativity. This result was considered as a hint of some new physical laws. In the present paper we offer a relatively simple model that could explain the above result without resorting to any new physical laws. The model deals with the dynamics of a system consisting of a large number of gravitating neutral particles, whose mass is equal to the mass of hydrogen atoms. The central point of the model is a partial inhibition of the gravitation for a relatively small subsystem of the entire system. It would be sufficient for this subsystem to constitute just about few percent of the total ensemble of the particles for explaining the few percent more smooth distribution of dark matter (observed by the DES team) compared to the prediction of the general relativity. The most viable candidate for the dark matter particles in this model is the second flavor of hydrogen atoms (SFHA) that has only S-states and therefore does not couple to the electric dipole radiation or even to higher multipole radiation, so that the SFHA is practically dark. The SFHA has the experimental confirmation from atomic experiments, it does not go beyond the Standard Model, it is based on the standard quantum mechanics, and it explains the puzzling astrophysical observations of the redshifted line 21 cm from the early Universe. Thus, our model explaining the DES result of a little too smooth distribution of dark matter without resorting to any new physical laws seems to be self-consistent.