Search arXiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2112.14147

Quality Inspection Aspects of Hybrid Prototypes for the CMS Outer Tracker Upgrade at HL-LHC

A. La Rosa·I. Ahmed·J. Almeida·G. Blanchot·S. Cooperstein·I. Dominguez·A. Honma·M. Kovacs·A. Zografos
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

At the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), the CMS experiment will need to operate at up to 200 interactions per 25 ns beam crossing time and with up to 4000 fb-1 of integrated luminosity. To achieve the physics goals the experiment needs to improve the tracking resolution and the ability to selectively trigger on specific physics events. The CMS tracker upgrade requires designing a new detector to cope with the HL-LHC conditions. The new Outer Tracker is based on two types of silicon modules (strip-strip and pixel-strip). Each module type has a few types of high-density interconnect hybrid circuits which house the front-end and auxiliary electronics. This paper introduces the technological choices for modules and hybrids and presents the quality inspection aspects of the first hybrid prototypes.

Explore related subjects

physics.ins-det

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

A. La Rosa, I. Ahmed, J. Almeida, G. Blanchot, S. Cooperstein, I. Dominguez, A. Honma, M. Kovacs, A. Zografos. 2021-12-28. Quality Inspection Aspects of Hybrid Prototypes for the CMS Outer Tracker Upgrade at HL-LHC. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596%2F2374%2F1%2F012054

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Kinematic Fitting of electromagnetic calorimeter data - an improved method

Kinematic fitting is widely used in particle physics experiments as a powerful tool to improve experimental resolutions, to suppress background and to provide selection criteria for the identification of specific reactions. Kinematic fitting methods, however, typically assume that the fitted quantities follow Gaussian distributions; an assumption which does not always hold. This is particularly true for energy measurements from electromagnetic calorimeters. This issue can largely be overcome by performing a transformation of the non-Gaussian variables into variables which follow a Gaussian distribution. The new adapted kinematic fitting procedure allows to better account for the non-Gaussian nature of the measured calorimeter energies, at the same time improving the accuracy and robustness of the kinematic fit. This leads to improved pull and confidence-level distributions of the kinematic fit as well as improved invariant mass distributions and signal-to-background ratios in the final event sample.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2026

Radiation hardness characterization of SiPM sensors for Low Earth Orbit space missions

This work presents a comprehensive radiation hardness characterization of SiPM devices for space-based applications: FBK NUV-HD-MT and NUV-HD-LowCT (1$\times$1, 3$\times$3, and 6$\times$6~mm$^2$) and Hamamatsu S14160 MPPCs with equivalent active areas. Total Ionizing Dose (TID) tests were performed at the ESA/ESTEC Co-60 facility with a level of dose up to 20~krad in silicon, while displacement damage effects were evaluated using 100~MeV protons with a fluence up to $1.12\times10^{11}$~p/cm$^2$ at the Paul Scherrer Institute. Radiation damage in SiPMs manifests through two main mechanisms: ionizing energy loss and non-ionizing energy loss (NIEL), which increases dark current and dark count rate. In this work, breakdown voltage, dark current, and quenching resistance were systematically measured as functions of accumulated dose and fluence. Gain and dark count rates were indirectly measured from the characterized electrical parameters. Both technologies exhibit remarkable stability of most of the functional parameters across all dose levels, while dark current shows predictable increases significantly more pronounced under proton irradiation due to displacement damage. Based on these results, both FBK and Hamamatsu devices are confirmed suitable for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) mission environment.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2026

Characterization of immersed SiPM arrays in liquid scintillator between room temperature and $-30\,^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$

Liquid scintillator detectors instrumented with distributed silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) arrays can be used in compact, topology-sensitive, and low-background experiments, but the temperature dependence of SiPMs immersed directly in the scintillation medium has not been widely characterized. We report the operation of a 125-liter linear-alkylbenzene-based liquid scintillator detector read out by 125 SiPM channels immersed in the active volume, over the range from room temperature to $-30\,^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$. The detector response was measured with cosmic-ray muons, including stopping muons followed by their Michel-electron decay. Cooling from $+15\,^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ to $-30\,^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ reduced the SiPM dark-count rate by a factor of 13.5, increased the single-photoelectron response by 49.1%, and increased the cosmic-ray muon light yield by 16.7%. The improved photoelectron separation and baseline stability at low temperature enabled a selection of stopping-muon events, from which the effective muon lifetime was measured to be $1959\pm132\,\mathrm{ns}$, consistent with the value expected for a hydrocarbon scintillator once $μ^{-}$ capture on carbon is taken into account.

physics.ins-det↗