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arXiv · 2204.12053

GeV Gamma-ray Emission and Molecular Clouds towards Supernova Remnant G35.6$-$0.4 and the TeV Source HESS J1858+020

Xiao Zhang·Yang Chen·Fa-xiang Zheng·Qian-cheng Liu·Ping Zhou·Bing Liu
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Abstract

It is difficult to distinguish hadronic process from the leptonic one in $γ$-ray observation, which is however crucial in revealing the origin of cosmic rays. As an endeavor in the regard, we focus in this work on the complex $γ$-ray emitting region, which partially overlaps with the unidentified TeV source HESS~J1858+020 and includes supernova remnant (SNR) G35.6$-$0.4 and HII region G35.6$-$0.5. We reanalyze CO-line, HI, and Fermi-LAT GeV $γ$-ray emission data of this region. The analysis of the molecular and HI data suggests that SNR G35.6$-$0.4 and HII region G35.6$-$0.5 are located at different distances. The analysis the GeV $γ$-rays shows that GeV emission arises from two point sources: one (SrcA) coincident with the SNR, and the other (SrcB) coincident with both HESS J1858+020 and HII region G35.6$-$0.5. The GeV emission of SrcA can be explained by the hadronic process in the SNR-MC association scenario. The GeV-band spectrum of SrcB and the TeV-band spectrum of HESS J1858+020 can be smoothly connected by a power-law function, with an index of $\sim$2.2. The connected spectrum is well explained with a hadronic emission, with the cutoff energy of protons above 1 PeV. It thus indicates that there is a potential PeVatron in the HII region and should be further verified with ultra-high energy observations with, e.g., LHAASO.

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Xiao Zhang, Yang Chen, Fa-xiang Zheng, Qian-cheng Liu, Ping Zhou, Bing Liu. 2022-04-26. GeV Gamma-ray Emission and Molecular Clouds towards Supernova Remnant G35.6$-$0.4 and the TeV Source HESS J1858+020. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357%2Fac6957

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