Quasiperiodic oscillations, weak field lensing and shadow cast around black holes in Symmergent gravity

Abstract

In this work, we perform a systematic study of the symmergent gravity in a black hole environment. The symmergent gravity, an emergent gravity model in which gravity emerges in a way restoring the gauge symmetries and stabilizing the Higgs boson mass, possesses a quadratic-curvature term with a loop-induced coupling proportional to the boson-fermion number difference. We investigated boson-fermion number difference and black hole parameters in symmergent gravity by utilizing the values of various observables. In this regard, we investigated particle dynamics and obtained Keplerian frequencies describing the harmonic oscillations. We determined quasiperiodic oscillations about such orbits by utilizing relativistic precession, warped disk, and epicyclic resonant models. We studied weak deflection angle and planetary perihelion shift and determined bounds on symmergent gravity parameters. We computed shadow radius for both static and co-moving observers near and far from the symmergent black hole and revealed the sensitivity of these observers to the model parameters. We conclude the work by giving an overall discussion of the bounds, and giving future prospects concerning other possible analyses of the symmergent gravity.