Dark topological valley Hall edge solitons

Abstract

Topological edge solitons propagating along the edge of a photonic topological insulator are localized self-sustained hybrid states that are immune to de-fects/disorders due to protection of the edge states stemming from nontrivial topology of the system. Here, we predict that exceptionally robust dark valley Hall edge solitons may form at the domain walls between two honeycomb lattices with broken inversion sym-metry. The underlying structure can be created with femtosecond laser inscription, it possesses large bandgap where well-localized dark edge solitons form, and in contrast to systems with broken time-reversal symmetry, it does not require external magnetic fields or complex longitudinal waveguide modulations for reali-zation of the topological phase. We present the enve-lope equation allowing to construct dark valley Hall edge solitons analytically. Such solitons propagate without radiation into the bulk of the lattice, and can circumvent sharp corners, that allows to observe their persistent circulation along the closed triangular domain wall boundary. They survive over huge distances even in the presence of disorder in the underlying lattice. We also investigate interactions of closely located dark topological valley Hall edge solitons and show that they are repulsive and lead to the formation of two grey edge solitons, moving with different group velocities depart-ing from group velocity of the linear edge state on which initial dark solitons were constructed. Our results illus-trate that nonlinear valley Hall systems can support rich variety of new self-sustained topological states and may inspire their investigation in other nonlinear systems, such as atomic vapours and polariton condensates.