Dispersive estimates for the Schrödinger equation with finite rank perturbations

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate dispersive estimates for the time evolution of Hamiltonians $$ H=-Δ+\sum_{j=1}^N\langle\cdot\,, φ_j\rangle φ_j\quad\,\,\,\text{in}\,\,\,\mathbb{R}^d,\,\, d\ge 1, $$ where each $φ_j$ satisfies certain smoothness and decay conditions. We show that, under a spectral assumption, there exists a constant $C=C(N, d, φ_1,\ldots, φ_N)>0$ such that $$ \|e^{-itH}\|_{L^1-L^{\infty}}\leq C t^{-\frac{d}{2}}, \,\,\,\text{for}\,\,\, t>0. $$ As far as we are aware, this seems to provide the first study of $L^1-L^{\infty}$ estimates for finite rank perturbations of the Laplacian in any dimension. We first deal with rank one perturbations ($N=1$). Then we turn to the general case. The new idea in our approach is to establish the Aronszajn-Krein type formula for finite rank perturbations. This allows us to reduce the analysis to the rank one case and solve the problem in a unified manner. Moreover, we show that in some specific situations, the constant $C(N, d, φ_1,\ldots, φ_N)$ grows polynomially in $N$. Finally, as an application, we are able to extend the results to $N=\infty$ and deal with some trace class perturbations.