Dynamic structure factor of one-dimensional Fermi superfluid with spin-orbit coupling

Abstract

We theoretically calculate the density dynamic structure factor of one-dimensional Fermi superfluid with Raman-type spin-orbit coupling, and analyze its main dynamical character during phase transition between Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer superfluid and topological superfluid. Our theoretical results display four kinds of single-particle excitations induced by the two-branch structure of single-particle spectrum, and the cross single-particle excitation is much easier to be seen in the spin dynamic structure factor at a small transferred momentum. Also we find a new roton-like collective mode emerges at a fixed transferred momentum $q \simeq 2k_F$, and it only appears once the system enters the topological superfluid state. The occurrence of this roton-like excitation is related to switch of global minimum in single-particle spectrum from $k=0$ to $k \simeq 2k_F$.