Color Image steganography using Deep convolutional Autoencoders based on ResNet architecture

Abstract

In this paper, a deep learning color image steganography scheme combining convolutional autoencoders and ResNet architecture is proposed. Traditional steganography methods suffer from some critical defects such as low capacity, security, and robustness. In recent decades, image hiding and image extraction were realized by autoencoder convolutional neural networks to solve the aforementioned challenges. The contribution of this paper is introducing a new scheme for color image steganography inspired by ResNet architecture. The reverse ResNet architecture is utilized to extract the secret image from the stego image. In the proposed method, all images are passed through the prepossess model which is a convolutional deep neural network with the aim of feature extraction. Then, the operational model generates stego and extracted images. In fact, the operational model is an autoencoder based on ResNet structure that produces an image from feature maps. The advantage of proposed structure is identity of models in embedding and extraction phases. The performance of the proposed method is studied using COCO and CelebA datasets. For quantitative comparisons with previous related works, peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), the structural similarity index (SSIM) and hiding capacity are evaluated. The experimental results verify that the proposed scheme performs better than traditional and pervious deep steganography methods. The PSNR and SSIM are more than 40 dB and 0.98, respectively that implies high imperceptibility of the proposed method. Also, this method can hide a color image of the same size in another color image, which can be inferred that the relative capacity of the proposed method is 8 bits per pixel.