Generation of Large Vortex-Free Superfluid Helium Nanodroplets

Anatoli Ulmer; Andrea Heilrath; Björn Senfftleben; Sean M. O. O'Connell-Lopez; Björn Kruse; Lennart Seiffert; Katharina Kolatzki; Bruno Langbehn; Andreas Hoffmann; Thomas M. Baumann; Rebecca Boll; Adam S. Chatterley; Alberto De Fanis; Benjamin Erk; Swetha Erukala; Alexandra J. Feinberg; Thomas Fennel; Patrik Grychtol; Robert Hartmann; Markus Ilchen; Manuel Izquierdo; Bennet Krebs; Markus Kuster; Tommaso Mazza; Jacobo Montaño; Georg Noffz; Daniel E. Rivas; Dieter Schlosser; Fabian Seel; Henrik Stapelfeldt; Lothar Strüder; Josef Tiggesbäumker; Hazem Yousef; Michael Zabel; Pawel Ziolkowski; Michael Meyer; Yevheniy Ovcharenko; Andrey F. Vilesov; Thomas Möller; Daniela Rupp; Rico Mayro P. Tanyag

arXiv · 2302.07355

Generation of Large Vortex-Free Superfluid Helium Nanodroplets

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Abstract

Superfluid helium nanodroplets are an ideal environment for the formation of metastable, self-organized dopant nanostructures. However, the presence of vortices often hinders their formation. Here, we demonstrate the generation of vortex-free helium nanodroplets and explore the size range in which they can be produced. From x-ray diffraction images of xenon-doped droplets, we identify that single compact structures, assigned to vortex-free aggregation, prevail up to $10^8$ atoms per droplet. This finding builds the basis for exploring the assembly of far-from-equilibrium nanostructures at low temperatures.

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Anatoli Ulmer, Andrea Heilrath, Björn Senfftleben, Sean M. O. O'Connell-Lopez, Björn Kruse, Lennart Seiffert, Katharina Kolatzki, Bruno Langbehn, Andreas Hoffmann, Thomas M. Baumann, Rebecca Boll, Adam S. Chatterley, Alberto De Fanis, Benjamin Erk, Swetha Erukala, Alexandra J. Feinberg, Thomas Fennel, Patrik Grychtol, Robert Hartmann, Markus Ilchen, Manuel Izquierdo, Bennet Krebs, Markus Kuster, Tommaso Mazza, Jacobo Montaño, Georg Noffz, Daniel E. Rivas, Dieter Schlosser, Fabian Seel, Henrik Stapelfeldt, Lothar Strüder, Josef Tiggesbäumker, Hazem Yousef, Michael Zabel, Pawel Ziolkowski, Michael Meyer, Yevheniy Ovcharenko, Andrey F. Vilesov, Thomas Möller, Daniela Rupp, Rico Mayro P. Tanyag. 2023-02-14. Generation of Large Vortex-Free Superfluid Helium Nanodroplets. https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.07355

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