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arXiv · 2305.09449

Two-dimensional symbiotic solitons and quantum droplets in a quasi-one-dimensional optical lattice

S. M. Al-Marzoug·B. B. Baizakov·H. Bahlouli
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Abstract

Symbiotic solitons (SS) and quantum droplets (QD) are self-trapped localized modes emerging in binary Bose-gas mixtures with intra-component repulsion and inter-component attraction. We have shown that two-dimensional SS can be stabilized against collapse or decay by means of a quasi-one-dimensional optical lattice (OL). Mobility of SSs along the free direction of the potential allows us to explore interactions and collisions of SSs moving in the same channel and neighboring channels of the quasi-1D OL. For the case of equal atom numbers in both components of the binary Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) we have developed a variational approach that showed the stability of SS. For parameter settings when the SS stays on the verge of collapse instability, we take into account the Lee-Huang-Yang quantum fluctuations (QF) term in the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations. Repulsive QF prevents the mean-field collapse and gives rise to the formation of 2D QDs with peculiar properties such as incompressibility and surface tension, which are inherent to liquids. The proposed model of binary BEC loaded in a quasi-1D OL allows us to demonstrate the manifestations of the incompressibility and surface tension of 2D QDs. The formation of QD in imbalanced binary BEC with different numbers of atoms of the components in the presence of a quasi-1D OL has been investigated. The possible application of the proposed model to studies of anisotropic superfluidity is discussed.

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S. M. Al-Marzoug, B. B. Baizakov, H. Bahlouli. 2023-05-16. Two-dimensional symbiotic solitons and quantum droplets in a quasi-one-dimensional optical lattice. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2023.114072

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