Quantum state transfer using 1D Heisenberg Hamiltonian on quasi-1D lattices

Abstract

We consider transfer of single and multi-qubit states on a quasi-1D lattice, where the time evolutions involved in the state transfer protocol are generated by only 1D Hamiltonians. We use the quasi-1D isotropic Heisenberg model under a magnetic field along the $z$ direction, where the spin-spin interaction strengths along the vertical sublattices, referred to as rungs, are much stronger than the interactions along other sublattices. Tuning the field-strength to a special value, in the strong rung-coupling limit, the quasi-1D isotropic Heisenberg model can be mapped to an effective 1D XXZ model, where each rung mimics an effective two-level system. Consequently, the transfer of low-energy rung states from one rung to another can be represented by a transfer of an arbitrary single-qubit state from one lattice site to another using the 1D XXZ model. Exploiting this, we propose protocols for transferring arbitrary single-qubit states from one lattice site to another by using specific encoding of the single-qubit state into a low-energy rung state, and a subsequent decoding of the transferred state on the receiver rung. These encoding and decoding protocols involve a time evolution generated by the 1D rung Hamiltonian and single-qubit phase gates, ensuring that all time-evolutions required for transferring the single-qubit state are generated from 1D Hamiltonians. We show that the performance of the single-qubit state transfer using the proposed protocol is always better than the same when a time-evolution generated by the full quasi-1D Hamiltonian is used.