Search arXiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2306.14058

Creating Realistic Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Images using Generative Adversarial Networks

Jad F. Assaf·Anthony Abou Mrad·Dan Z. Reinstein·Guillermo Amescua·Cyril Zakka·Timothy Archer·Jeffrey Yammine·Elsa Lamah·Michèle Haykal·Shady T. Awwad
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

This paper presents the development and validation of a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) purposed to create high-resolution, realistic Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT) images. We trained the Style and WAvelet based GAN (SWAGAN) on 142,628 AS-OCT B-scans. Three experienced refractive surgeons performed a blinded assessment to evaluate the realism of the generated images; their results were not significantly better than chance in distinguishing between real and synthetic images, thus demonstrating a high degree of image realism. To gauge their suitability for machine learning tasks, a convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier was trained with a dataset containing both real and GAN-generated images. The CNN demonstrated an accuracy rate of 78% trained on real images alone, but this accuracy rose to 100% when training included the generated images. This underscores the utility of synthetic images for machine learning applications. We further improved the resolution of the generated images by up-sampling them twice (2x) using an Enhanced Super Resolution GAN (ESRGAN), which outperformed traditional up-sampling techniques. In conclusion, GANs can effectively generate high-definition, realistic AS-OCT images, proving highly beneficial for machine learning and image analysis tasks.

Explore related subjects

eess.IVcs.CV

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Jad F. Assaf, Anthony Abou Mrad, Dan Z. Reinstein, Guillermo Amescua, Cyril Zakka, Timothy Archer, Jeffrey Yammine, Elsa Lamah, Michèle Haykal, Shady T. Awwad. 2023-06-24. Creating Realistic Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Images using Generative Adversarial Networks. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2023-324633

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

IViT: A Novel Interpretable Visual Transformer for Skin Disease Detection

The clinical diagnosis of skin diseases is susceptible to interference from inter-class similarity of skin lesions, and over-reliance on clinicians'experience easily leads to subjective bias. Although existing deep learning aided diagnosis methods achieve competitive accuracy, they suffer from the black-box opacity of Vision Transformer (ViT) and poor adaptability to medical few-shot scenarios. Moreover, mainstream explainable algorithms generally face the bottleneck of significant accuracy degradation when improving interpretability. This paper proposes an interpretable ViT (IViT) constrained by Quadratic Programming (QP). The introduced pre-trained transfer learning adapts to few-shot feature extraction. A discrete QP feature selection framework is constructed to screen generic and discriminative features consistent with clinical diagnostic logic. A multi-objective loss function is designed to reduce feature redundancy and optimize activation distribution while preserving classification performance. Experimental results on six standard skin disease datasets show that IViT achieves an accuracy of 93.80%, only 0.21% lower than the baseline, with feature redundancy reduced by 29.5%. Its core activation regions are consistent with clinically concerned lesion areas. The proposed model balances accuracy and interpretability, providing a reliable solution for the clinical deployment of few-shot intelligent skin disease diagnosis.

eess.IV↗
arXiv2026

Automated Distinction of Intimal and Medial Intracranial Arterial Calcification from CT Head

Intracranial arterial calcifications (IACs) are a common finding on clinical non-contrast enhanced head CT scans and are associated with neurovascular disease. Calcifications can occur in the intimal or medial layer of the arterial wall, subtypes that differ in aetiology and may have distinct clinical relevance. These subtypes can be visually distinguished by radiologists based on the shape of the calcifications. We investigate three automated approaches for subtype classification of IAC from head CT-derived segmentation masks: (1) an automated adaptation of the established radiological visual score, (2) a sphericity-based method, and (3) a method based on shape embeddings extracted by a medical shape foundation model. All approaches use the same lightweight classification pipeline on top of the features they compute and are evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation. The three methods achieved comparable performance, with the embedding-based approach yielding the best overall results with a weighted F1 (mean $\pm$ SD) of up to 71.5 $\pm$ 3.7 for a single artery and 59.8 $\pm$ 1.7 for the joint artery classification. Performance was largely preserved when using automated instead of manual IAC segmentation masks, and we found the difference in weighted F1 not significant. Our results show that fully automated IAC subtype quantification from head CT is feasible and remains robust to the use of manual and automated IAC segmentation masks. Code at https://github.com/bjin96/iac-subtyping.

eess.IV↗
arXiv2026

Recasting the Destroy Step of Large Neighborhood Search as Dense Segmentation

Large neighborhood search improves an incumbent by releasing selected variables and repairing the resulting subproblem under a time limit. FOVEA casts variable selection as dense semantic segmentation on a fixed $128\times128$ canvas. A small U-Net reads twelve semantic channels and predicts cell scores, which are decoded into a variable set subject to a fixed variable budget. Family-specific layouts connect the search state to the canvas, while one set of network weights serves four problem families. The FP32 network input occupies $786$\,kB across instance sizes. Our analysis bounds constraint coupling for spatially coherent regions, gives a rank certificate for rounds with zero possible improvement, and bounds the coupling advantage attainable on an expander family. On the tested families and hardware, FOVEA trails the strongest graph encoder at $10^{4}$ variables and overtakes it near $1.5\times10^{4}$; the cost model provides an approximate crossover estimate. At larger sizes, where the graph-encoder baselines exceed device memory, FOVEA reduces the primal integral by $12$ to $16\%$ relative to the best runnable baselines. On the expander family, FOVEA performs comparably to random selection, with a coupling advantage close to one.

eess.IV↗