Search arXiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2310.03942

Towards Distributed Quantum Computing by Qubit and Gate Graph Partitioning Techniques

Marc Grau Davis·Joaquin Chung·Dirk Englund·Rajkumar Kettimuthu
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Distributed quantum computing is motivated by the difficulty in building large-scale, individual quantum computers. To solve that problem, a large quantum circuit is partitioned and distributed to small quantum computers for execution. Partitions running on different quantum computers share quantum information using entangled Bell pairs. However, entanglement generation and purification introduces both a runtime and memory overhead on distributed quantum computing. In this paper we study that trade-off by proposing two techniques for partitioning large quantum circuits and for distribution to small quantum computers. Our techniques map a quantum circuit to a graph representation. We study two approaches: one that considers only gate teleportation, and another that considers both gate and state teleportation to achieve the distributed execution. Then we apply the METIS graph partitioning algorithm to obtain the partitions and the number of entanglement requests between them. We use the SeQUeNCe quantum communication simulator to measure the time required for generating all the entanglements required to execute the distributed circuit. We find that the best partitioning technique will depend on the specific circuit of interest.

Explore related subjects

quant-phcs.ET

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Marc Grau Davis, Joaquin Chung, Dirk Englund, Rajkumar Kettimuthu. 2023-10-05. Towards Distributed Quantum Computing by Qubit and Gate Graph Partitioning Techniques. https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.03942

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Quantum Authenticated Key Expansion with Key Recycling

Data privacy and authentication are two main security requirements for remote access and cloud services. While QKD has been explored to address data privacy concerns, oftentimes its use is separate from the client authentication protocol despite implicitly providing authentication. Here, we present a quantum authentication key expansion (QAKE) protocol that (1) integrates both authentication and key expansion within a single protocol, and (2) provides key recycling property - allowing all authentication keys to be reused. We analyse the security of the protocol in a QAKE framework adapted from a classical authentication key exchange (AKE) framework, providing separate security conditions for authentication and data privacy. We experimentally implemented the protocol with appropriate post-selection. Additional results on the security of pseudorandom basis generation in QAKE and decoy state BB84 are provided.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2026

Entanglement as Difference: Reduction-induced Minimal Partial Entropy Difference

Bipartite mixed-state quantum entanglement (QE) and its measures play a crucial role in both theoretical research and practical quantum applications. Its internal structure is far more complex and less well understood compared with bipartite pure-state QE. Some existing measures involve inherently intractable global optimizations, while others are only applicable to highly limited-dimensional quantum systems. Here based on the inherent feature that bipartite QE systems nonseparable necessarily implies that local reduced density matrix differs from its \textquotedblleft native\textquotedblright density matrix, we propose a more physical and intuitive measure termed Reduction-induced Minimal Partial Entropy Difference to quantify arbitrary bipartite mixed-state QE. Partial Von Neumann Entropy is only a pure-state special case of this method. This measure offers intrinsic structural %perspective insights into bipartite QE characterization, thereby establishing itself as a valuable complementary measure. Its intuitive and clear physical picture, combined with relatively low computational complexity and wide applicability, facilitates exploring its potential quantum information applications, hence its conceptual framework and line of thought deserve to be further developed to describe and quantify multipartite QE in the future.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2026

Non-local mass superpositions and optical clock interferometry in atomic ensemble quantum networks

Quantum networks are emerging as powerful platforms for sensing, communication, and fundamental tests of physics. We propose a programmable quantum sensing network based on entangled atomic ensembles, where optical clock qubits realize mass superpositions arising via mass-energy equivalence, as in atom and atom-clock interferometry. Our approach uniquely combines scalability to large atom numbers with minimal control requirements, relying only on collective addressing of internal atomic states. This enables the creation of both non-local and local superpositions with spatial separations beyond those achievable in conventional matter-wave interferometry with single atoms. Starting from Bell-type seed states distributed via photonic channels, collective operations within atomic ensembles coherently build many-body mass superpositions sensitive to gravitational redshift. The resulting architecture implements a non-local Ramsey interferometer, where gravitationally induced phase shifts are imprinted on non-local entangled states and are read out through local measurements at the network nodes. Beyond extending the spatial reach of mass superpositions, our scheme establishes a scalable, programmable platform to probe the interface of quantum mechanics and gravity, and offers a new experimental pathway to test atom and atom-clock interferometer proposals, e.g. for probing gravitational dephasing, in a network-based quantum laboratory.

quant-ph↗