Empirical Review of Youth-Employment Policies in Nigeria

Abstract

Youth unemployment is a major socioeconomic problem in Nigeria, and several youth-employment programs have been initiated and implemented to address the challenge. While detailed analyses of the impacts of some of these programs have been conducted, empirical analysis of implementation challenges and of the influence of limited political inclusivity on distribution of program benefits is rare. Using mixed research methods and primary data collected through focus-group discussion and key-informant interviews, this paper turns to that analysis. We found that, although there are several youth-employment programs in Nigeria, they have not yielded a marked reduction in youth-unemployment rates. The programs are challenged by factors such as lack of framework for proper governance and coordination, inadequate funding, lack of institutional implementation capacity, inadequate oversight of implementation, limited political inclusivity, lack of prioritization of vulnerable and marginalized groups, and focus on stand-alone programs that are not tied to long-term development plans. These issues need to be addressed to ensure that youth-employment programs yield better outcomes and that youth unemployment is significantly reduced.