Parametric Resurgences of the Second Painlevé Equation and Minimal Superstrings

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to study the resurgent transseries structure of the inhomogeneous and $q$-deformed Painlevé II equations. Appearing in a variety of physical systems we here focus on their description of $(2,4)$-super minimal string theory with either D-branes or RR-flux backgrounds. In this context they appear as double scaled string equations of matrix models, and we relate the resurgent transseries structures appearing in this way with explicit matrix model computations. The main body of the paper is focused on studying the transseries structure of these equations as well as the corresponding resurgence analyses. Concretely, the aim will be to give a recursion relation for the transseries sectors and obtain the non-perturbative transmonomials -- {\it i.e.}, the instanton actions of the systems. From the resurgence point of view, the goal is to obtain Stokes data. These encode how the transseries parameters jump at the Stokes lines when turning around the complex plane in order to produce a global transseries solution. The main result will be a conjectured form for the transition functions of these transseries parameters. We explore how these equations are related to each other via the Miura map. In particular, we focus on how their resurgent properties can be translated into each other. We study the special solutions of the inhomogeneous Painlevé II equation and how these might be encoded in the transseries parameters. Specifically, we have a discussion on the Hastings--McLeod solution and some results on special function solutions. Finally, we discuss our results in the context of the matrix model and the (2,4)-minimal superstring theory.