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arXiv · 2401.08087

Probing quantum floating phases in Rydberg atom arrays

Jin Zhang·Sergio H. Cantú·Fangli Liu·Alexei Bylinskii·Boris Braverman·Florian Huber·Jesse Amato-Grill·Alexander Lukin·Nathan Gemelke·Alexander Keesling·Sheng-Tao Wang·Y. Meurice·S. -W. Tsai
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Abstract

The floating phase, a critical incommensurate phase, has been theoretically predicted as a potential intermediate phase between crystalline ordered and disordered phases. In this study, we investigate the different quantum phases that arise in ladder arrays comprising up to 92 neutral-atom qubits and experimentally observe the emergence of the quantum floating phase. We analyze the site-resolved Rydberg state densities and the distribution of state occurrences. The site-resolved measurement reveals the formation of domain walls within the commensurate ordered phase, which subsequently proliferate and give rise to the floating phase with incommensurate quasi-long-range order. By analyzing the Fourier spectra of the Rydberg density-density correlations, we observe clear signatures of the incommensurate wave order of the floating phase. Furthermore, as the experimental system sizes increase, we show that the wave vectors approach a continuum of values incommensurate with the lattice. Our work motivates future studies to further explore the nature of commensurate-incommensurate phase transitions and their non-equilibrium physics.

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Jin Zhang, Sergio H. Cantú, Fangli Liu, Alexei Bylinskii, Boris Braverman, Florian Huber, Jesse Amato-Grill, Alexander Lukin, Nathan Gemelke, Alexander Keesling, Sheng-Tao Wang, Y. Meurice, S. -W. Tsai. 2024-01-16. Probing quantum floating phases in Rydberg atom arrays. https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.08087

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