Quark propagator with complex-valued momentum from Schwinger-Dyson equation in the Euclidean space

Abstract

In the Euclidean-space formulation of integral equations for the structure of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) bound states, the quark propagators with complex-valued momentum are densely sampled. We therefore propose an accurate and efficient algorithm to compute these propagators. The quark propagator both on the spacelike real axis and at complex-valued momenta is determined from its Schwinger-Dyson equation (SDE). We first apply an iterative solver to determine the quark propagator on the spacelike real axis. The propagator at complex-valued momenta is then computed from its self-energy based on this solution, where demanding integrals are encountered. In order to compute of these integrals, we apply customized variable transformations for the radial integral after subtracting the asymptotics. We subsequently apply an optional compound of quadrature rules for the angular integral. The contribution from the asymptotics is added at the last step. The accuracy and the performance of this algorithm for the quark propagator at complex-valued momentum are tested in comparison with an adaptive quadrature.